Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential
Morphine has a crucial role in treating both moderate to severe pain and chronic pain. However, prolonged administration of morphine can lead to tolerance of analgesia, resulting in increased doses and poor treatment of pain. Many patients, such as those with terminal cancer, require high doses of m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1499799/full |
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| author | Xiangning Zhang Xiangning Zhang Tingting Jin Tingting Jin Haixia Wang Haixia Wang Shuai Han Shuai Han Yongxin Liang Yongxin Liang |
| author_facet | Xiangning Zhang Xiangning Zhang Tingting Jin Tingting Jin Haixia Wang Haixia Wang Shuai Han Shuai Han Yongxin Liang Yongxin Liang |
| author_sort | Xiangning Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Morphine has a crucial role in treating both moderate to severe pain and chronic pain. However, prolonged administration of morphine can lead to tolerance of analgesia, resulting in increased doses and poor treatment of pain. Many patients, such as those with terminal cancer, require high doses of morphine for long periods. Addressing morphine tolerance can help this group of patients to escape pain, and the mechanisms behind this need to be investigated. Microglia are the key cells involved in morphine tolerance and chronic morphine administration leads to microglia activation, which in turn leads to activation of internal microglia signalling pathways and protein transcription, ultimately leading to the release of inflammatory factors. Inhibiting the activation of microglia internal signalling pathways can reduce morphine tolerance. However, the exact mechanism of how morphine acts on microglia and ultimately leads to tolerance is unknown. This article discusses the mechanisms of morphine induced microglia activation, reviews the signalling pathways within microglia and the associated therapeutic targets and possible drugs, and provides possible directions for clinical prevention or retardation of morphine induced analgesic tolerance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e53d807de96849bf80e41cd2a827db31 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e53d807de96849bf80e41cd2a827db312024-11-27T04:29:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122024-11-011510.3389/fphar.2024.14997991499799Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potentialXiangning Zhang0Xiangning Zhang1Tingting Jin2Tingting Jin3Haixia Wang4Haixia Wang5Shuai Han6Shuai Han7Yongxin Liang8Yongxin Liang9Department of Anesthesiology, Women and Children’s Hospital, Peking University People’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaClinical Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Women and Children’s Hospital, Peking University People’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaClinical Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Women and Children’s Hospital, Peking University People’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaClinical Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, ChinaClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Women and Children’s Hospital, Peking University People’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaClinical Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaMorphine has a crucial role in treating both moderate to severe pain and chronic pain. However, prolonged administration of morphine can lead to tolerance of analgesia, resulting in increased doses and poor treatment of pain. Many patients, such as those with terminal cancer, require high doses of morphine for long periods. Addressing morphine tolerance can help this group of patients to escape pain, and the mechanisms behind this need to be investigated. Microglia are the key cells involved in morphine tolerance and chronic morphine administration leads to microglia activation, which in turn leads to activation of internal microglia signalling pathways and protein transcription, ultimately leading to the release of inflammatory factors. Inhibiting the activation of microglia internal signalling pathways can reduce morphine tolerance. However, the exact mechanism of how morphine acts on microglia and ultimately leads to tolerance is unknown. This article discusses the mechanisms of morphine induced microglia activation, reviews the signalling pathways within microglia and the associated therapeutic targets and possible drugs, and provides possible directions for clinical prevention or retardation of morphine induced analgesic tolerance.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1499799/fullmorphine tolerancemicrogliasignal transductionopioidstolerance mechanisms |
| spellingShingle | Xiangning Zhang Xiangning Zhang Tingting Jin Tingting Jin Haixia Wang Haixia Wang Shuai Han Shuai Han Yongxin Liang Yongxin Liang Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential Frontiers in Pharmacology morphine tolerance microglia signal transduction opioids tolerance mechanisms |
| title | Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential |
| title_full | Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential |
| title_fullStr | Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential |
| title_short | Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential |
| title_sort | microglia in morphine tolerance cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential |
| topic | morphine tolerance microglia signal transduction opioids tolerance mechanisms |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1499799/full |
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