Pericyte pannexin1 controls cerebral capillary diameter and supports memory function

Abstract In the blood-brain-barrier, contractile pericytes fine-tune the capillary resistance and blood supply to meet neuro-metabolic demands; molecular players governing these functions remain unclear. Here we show that mice cerebral pericytes express functional pannexin1 (Panx1) channels, which d...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sandra Mai-Morente, Eugenia Isasi, Alberto Rafael, Gonzalo Budelli, Silvia Olivera-Bravo, Nathalia Vitureira, Verónica Abudara
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61312-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Abstract In the blood-brain-barrier, contractile pericytes fine-tune the capillary resistance and blood supply to meet neuro-metabolic demands; molecular players governing these functions remain unclear. Here we show that mice cerebral pericytes express functional pannexin1 (Panx1) channels, which drive efflux of ATP, a key activator of pericyte contractility. In hippocampal slices, pericyte Panx1 mediates capillary diameter changes in response to extracellular ATP fluctuations and glutamatergic synaptic transmission, known to contribute functional hyperaemia. Pharmacological inhibition of Panx1 in mice induces capillary widening in the cortex and hippocampus. Genetic deletion of pericyte Panx1 disrupts learning-evoked capillary dilation and memory performance. Mechanistically, glutamatergic NMDA/AMPA and purinergic P2X7/P2Y6 receptors modulate pericyte Panx1 activity, which ultimately adjusts ATP release, pericyte Ca2+ signalling and capillary dynamics. Our study unveils pericyte Panx1 as a physiological regulator of cerebral capillary diameter, which sustains brain function and serves as a potential therapeutic target for cerebrovascular cognitive disorders.
ISSN:2041-1723