The clinical potential of PDL-1 pathway and some related micro-RNAs as promising diagnostic markers for breast cancer

Abstract Background Immune checkpoint pathways play important roles in breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis and therapy. Methods Expression levels of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), m...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Eman A. Al-Sharabass, Motawa E. EL-Houseini, Heba Effat, Sherif Abdelaziz Ibrahim, Mona S. Abdellateif
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:Molecular Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s10020-025-01137-1
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