Cramér-Rao Bound Analysis of Spatial Effects in 2D TOA Localization With Directive Antennas

Although Time-of-Arrival (TOA) localization is widely studied in the literature, most analyses assume omnidirectional antennas, which oversimplifies system performance and leaves the impact of antenna directivity underexplored. This paper introduces a new, more realistic and comprehensive model that...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Imran Moez Khan, Xuezhi Wang, William Moran, Wayne S. T. Rowe
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2025-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10818624/
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