Forest fragmentation and heterogeneity shape the occurrence of woodpecker species in Central Europe

Abstract The study investigates the impact of fragmentation metrics and other forest characteristics on the occurrence and richness of woodpecker species in 163 forest patches in Southern Poland. Generalised linear mixed models were used to estimate the influence of fragmentation metrics (patch size...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Michał Bełcik, Bartłomiej Woźniak, Piotr Skórka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04832-5
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