The gut microbiome and cross-reactivity of food allergens: current understanding, insights, and future directions
This mini-review examines the emerging role of the gut microbiome in influencing food allergen cross-reactivity. It specifically focuses on how microbial diversity, antigens, and metabolites impact IgE-mediated allergic responses. Cross-reactivity occurs when structurally similar food and microbial...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Allergy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/falgy.2024.1503380/full |
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| author | Carolina Taico Oliva Ibrahim Musa Daniel Kopulos Fariba Ardalani Anish Maskey Aaron Wilson Nan Yang Xiu-Min Li Xiu-Min Li Xiu-Min Li |
| author_facet | Carolina Taico Oliva Ibrahim Musa Daniel Kopulos Fariba Ardalani Anish Maskey Aaron Wilson Nan Yang Xiu-Min Li Xiu-Min Li Xiu-Min Li |
| author_sort | Carolina Taico Oliva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This mini-review examines the emerging role of the gut microbiome in influencing food allergen cross-reactivity. It specifically focuses on how microbial diversity, antigens, and metabolites impact IgE-mediated allergic responses. Cross-reactivity occurs when structurally similar food and microbial antigens trigger hypersensitivities, affecting millions of people worldwide. Recent research underscores the significance of microbial diversity in early life for developing immune tolerance. Beneficial strains, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, play a crucial role in supporting the functions of T regulatory cells (Tregs) and immunoglobulin A (IgA). Additionally, we discuss microbial metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which enhance immune tolerance by promoting Treg differentiation and maintaining gut barrier integrity, thereby reducing allergen entry. However, it is important to note that SCFAs can provoke inflammatory responses under certain conditions, highlighting the necessity for targeted research on their dual effects. Dysbiosis-related intestinal permeability, often referred to as “leaky gut,” can further worsen cross-reactivity. Microbial antigens like lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are known to influence Th2-dominant responses. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f7d1a3bebe71465c8e1146c3b8c73c20 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-6101 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Allergy |
| spelling | doaj-art-f7d1a3bebe71465c8e1146c3b8c73c202025-01-13T06:10:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Allergy2673-61012025-01-01510.3389/falgy.2024.15033801503380The gut microbiome and cross-reactivity of food allergens: current understanding, insights, and future directionsCarolina Taico Oliva0Ibrahim Musa1Daniel Kopulos2Fariba Ardalani3Anish Maskey4Aaron Wilson5Nan Yang6Xiu-Min Li7Xiu-Min Li8Xiu-Min Li9Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United StatesDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United StatesDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United StatesDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United StatesDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United StatesDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United StatesGeneral Nutraceutical Technology LLC, Elmsford, NY, United StatesDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United StatesDepartment of Dermatology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United StatesThis mini-review examines the emerging role of the gut microbiome in influencing food allergen cross-reactivity. It specifically focuses on how microbial diversity, antigens, and metabolites impact IgE-mediated allergic responses. Cross-reactivity occurs when structurally similar food and microbial antigens trigger hypersensitivities, affecting millions of people worldwide. Recent research underscores the significance of microbial diversity in early life for developing immune tolerance. Beneficial strains, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, play a crucial role in supporting the functions of T regulatory cells (Tregs) and immunoglobulin A (IgA). Additionally, we discuss microbial metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which enhance immune tolerance by promoting Treg differentiation and maintaining gut barrier integrity, thereby reducing allergen entry. However, it is important to note that SCFAs can provoke inflammatory responses under certain conditions, highlighting the necessity for targeted research on their dual effects. Dysbiosis-related intestinal permeability, often referred to as “leaky gut,” can further worsen cross-reactivity. Microbial antigens like lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are known to influence Th2-dominant responses.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/falgy.2024.1503380/fullgut microbiomecross-reactivityprobioticsIgAshort chain fatty acids |
| spellingShingle | Carolina Taico Oliva Ibrahim Musa Daniel Kopulos Fariba Ardalani Anish Maskey Aaron Wilson Nan Yang Xiu-Min Li Xiu-Min Li Xiu-Min Li The gut microbiome and cross-reactivity of food allergens: current understanding, insights, and future directions Frontiers in Allergy gut microbiome cross-reactivity probiotics IgA short chain fatty acids |
| title | The gut microbiome and cross-reactivity of food allergens: current understanding, insights, and future directions |
| title_full | The gut microbiome and cross-reactivity of food allergens: current understanding, insights, and future directions |
| title_fullStr | The gut microbiome and cross-reactivity of food allergens: current understanding, insights, and future directions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The gut microbiome and cross-reactivity of food allergens: current understanding, insights, and future directions |
| title_short | The gut microbiome and cross-reactivity of food allergens: current understanding, insights, and future directions |
| title_sort | gut microbiome and cross reactivity of food allergens current understanding insights and future directions |
| topic | gut microbiome cross-reactivity probiotics IgA short chain fatty acids |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/falgy.2024.1503380/full |
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