A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention Study
Abstract BackgroundInsulin resistance and the G allele of rs738409 interact to create a greater risk of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease. ObjectiveThis study aims to confirm that one promising way to reduce insulin resistance is by following...
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JMIR Publications
2025-01-01
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| Series: | JMIR Formative Research |
| Online Access: | https://formative.jmir.org/2025/1/e60051 |
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| author | Laura R Saslow Jamie Krinock Alison O'Brien Kaitlyn Raymond Hovig Bayandorian Judith T Moskowitz Jennifer Daubenmier Antonino Oliveri Deanna J Marriott Dina H Griauzde Elizabeth K Speliotes |
| author_facet | Laura R Saslow Jamie Krinock Alison O'Brien Kaitlyn Raymond Hovig Bayandorian Judith T Moskowitz Jennifer Daubenmier Antonino Oliveri Deanna J Marriott Dina H Griauzde Elizabeth K Speliotes |
| author_sort | Laura R Saslow |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Abstract
BackgroundInsulin resistance and the G allele of rs738409 interact to create a greater risk of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease.
ObjectiveThis study aims to confirm that one promising way to reduce insulin resistance is by following a very low–carbohydrate (VLC) dietary pattern.
MethodsAdults with rs738409-GG or -CG with liver steatosis and elevated liver function tests, were taught an ad libitum VLC diet, positive affect and mindful eating skills, goal setting, and self-monitoring and given feedback and coaching for 4 months. We measured liver steatosis, anthropometric, serum metabolic diet adherence, and quality of life measures.
ResultsIn this small pilot trial, of the 11 participants enrolled, 9 (82%) participants completed outcomes. All 11 participants viewed at least 1 session of the intervention, and 8 (73%) participants viewed at least half of the sessions. Among the 9 participants who provided 4-month self-report information, intervention satisfaction was high (mean 6.22, 95% CI 5.58-6.85), with 5 (56%) participants rating the intervention the top score, and 4 (44%) participants reporting they did not plan to stop following the VLC diet. Across participants with a 4-month hepatic liver fat percent measurement, the percent change in liver fat was −33.17% (95% CI −86.48 to 20.14), and in only the participants who were adherent to the eating pattern, the percent change in liver fat was −53.12% (95% CI −71.25 to −34.99). Amongst participants with a 4-month hepatic liver fat percent measurement, 6 out of 8 (75%) participants were considered responders, with a relative decline in liver fat ≥30%, and of the 9 participants with a 4-month body weight, 9 (100%) participants lost ≥5% of their body weight. There were no serious adverse events.
ConclusionsResults suggest the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the VLC intervention in adults with higher genetic risk for metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease, although there is a need for further studies given the small sample size and the high risk of substantial biases in this small pilot study. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f641dd8c3c1d497694b73cda01668585 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2561-326X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | JMIR Publications |
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| series | JMIR Formative Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-f641dd8c3c1d497694b73cda016685852025-01-17T15:01:22ZengJMIR PublicationsJMIR Formative Research2561-326X2025-01-019e60051e6005110.2196/60051A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention StudyLaura R Saslowhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-3205Jamie Krinockhttp://orcid.org/0009-0006-5440-239XAlison O'Brienhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-8118Kaitlyn Raymondhttp://orcid.org/0009-0007-0134-623XHovig Bayandorianhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4596-0323Judith T Moskowitzhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-1399-3318Jennifer Daubenmierhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-4068Antonino Oliverihttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4231-4449Deanna J Marriotthttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-7104-5682Dina H Griauzdehttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-2260-0299Elizabeth K Spelioteshttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-1002-4140 Abstract BackgroundInsulin resistance and the G allele of rs738409 interact to create a greater risk of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease. ObjectiveThis study aims to confirm that one promising way to reduce insulin resistance is by following a very low–carbohydrate (VLC) dietary pattern. MethodsAdults with rs738409-GG or -CG with liver steatosis and elevated liver function tests, were taught an ad libitum VLC diet, positive affect and mindful eating skills, goal setting, and self-monitoring and given feedback and coaching for 4 months. We measured liver steatosis, anthropometric, serum metabolic diet adherence, and quality of life measures. ResultsIn this small pilot trial, of the 11 participants enrolled, 9 (82%) participants completed outcomes. All 11 participants viewed at least 1 session of the intervention, and 8 (73%) participants viewed at least half of the sessions. Among the 9 participants who provided 4-month self-report information, intervention satisfaction was high (mean 6.22, 95% CI 5.58-6.85), with 5 (56%) participants rating the intervention the top score, and 4 (44%) participants reporting they did not plan to stop following the VLC diet. Across participants with a 4-month hepatic liver fat percent measurement, the percent change in liver fat was −33.17% (95% CI −86.48 to 20.14), and in only the participants who were adherent to the eating pattern, the percent change in liver fat was −53.12% (95% CI −71.25 to −34.99). Amongst participants with a 4-month hepatic liver fat percent measurement, 6 out of 8 (75%) participants were considered responders, with a relative decline in liver fat ≥30%, and of the 9 participants with a 4-month body weight, 9 (100%) participants lost ≥5% of their body weight. There were no serious adverse events. ConclusionsResults suggest the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the VLC intervention in adults with higher genetic risk for metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease, although there is a need for further studies given the small sample size and the high risk of substantial biases in this small pilot study.https://formative.jmir.org/2025/1/e60051 |
| spellingShingle | Laura R Saslow Jamie Krinock Alison O'Brien Kaitlyn Raymond Hovig Bayandorian Judith T Moskowitz Jennifer Daubenmier Antonino Oliveri Deanna J Marriott Dina H Griauzde Elizabeth K Speliotes A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention Study JMIR Formative Research |
| title | A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention Study |
| title_full | A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention Study |
| title_fullStr | A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention Study |
| title_short | A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention Study |
| title_sort | very low carbohydrate program in adults with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease and phospholipase domain containing protein 3 risk genotype pre post intervention study |
| url | https://formative.jmir.org/2025/1/e60051 |
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