Eco-friendly QbD-optimized chromatographic method for simultaneous analysis of metronidazole and nicotinamide with applications in permeation, stability, and sustainability evaluation

Eco-friendly QbD-optimized chromatographic method for simultaneous analysis of metronidazole and nicotinamide with applications in permeation, stability, and sustainability evaluation

Abstract Metronidazole (MTZ) and nicotinamide (NCT) are co-formulated in Anaero® gel to treat skin conditions like acne and rosacea through combined antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. This study presents the first validated in vitro permeation test (IVPT) method using Franz cells to assess...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kanaka Parvathi Kannaiah, Mohamed A. M. Ali, Hemanth Kumar Chanduluru, Anis Ahmad Chaudhary, Mahmoud El-Maghrabey, Reem H. Obaydo, Galal Magdy, Mohamed A. El Hamd
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Chemistry
Subjects:
Metronidazole
Nicotinamide
In vitro permeation test (IVPT)
HPLC
Full factorial design
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-025-01555-6
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