The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis: a review of biology, invasiveness, management practices and future perspectives of control strategy in Europe
The box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a significant invasive pest threatening boxwood (Buxus spp.) in Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. Since its initial detection in Europe in 2006, C. perspectalis has spread rapidly, causing widespread damage to both ornamen...
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Polish Academy of Sciences
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Plant Protection Research |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.pan.pl/Content/133866/PDF/R_11_JPPR_64_4_2268_Budziszewska.pdf |
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| author | Marta Budziszewska Paweł Krystian Bereś |
| author_facet | Marta Budziszewska Paweł Krystian Bereś |
| author_sort | Marta Budziszewska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a significant invasive pest threatening boxwood (Buxus spp.) in Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. Since its initial detection in Europe in 2006, C. perspectalis has spread rapidly, causing widespread damage to both ornamental and wild boxwood populations. Although extensive investigations have been conducted on its biology, reproduction, ecology, and phenology, achieving fully sustainable control strategies in Europe remains challenging, even with numerous studies and pest management efforts documented in the literature. It is a highly polivoltine species, with larvae that aggressively consume boxwood foliage leading to defoliation and plant death. The economic impact in Europe has been particularly severe in natural landscapes, especially in historical gardens. C. perspectalis is highly adapted to feeding on boxwood. It is plausible that the microbiome of larvae might detoxify phytocompounds and modify plant defense thus facilitating their survival and proliferation. This review consolidates the current knowledge on C. perspectalis, including its biology, origin, and distribution. Based on currently available literature, effective management strategies, which primarily rely on monitoring and early detection, are discussed. Due to the challenges in controlling this pest and the lack of effective natural enemies an integrated pest management (IPM) approach is recommended. This strategy combines biological, chemical, and mechanical methods to reduce populations and limit their destructive impact. Furthermore, the pest’s ability to neutralize the natural toxins in boxwood leaves increases the risk of insecticide resistance development. Consequently, understanding the microbial interactions between C. perspectalis and its host plant could offer further pest control strategies by targeting the microbiome to disrupt the detoxification process, making the insect more susceptible to boxwood defenses. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f072e9c7a795424e8da4e0a9ff0c3944 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1427-4345 1899-007X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Polish Academy of Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Plant Protection Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-f072e9c7a795424e8da4e0a9ff0c39442025-01-10T14:11:06ZengPolish Academy of SciencesJournal of Plant Protection Research1427-43451899-007X2024-12-01vol. 64No 4https://doi.org/10.24425/jppr.2024.152886The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis: a review of biology, invasiveness, management practices and future perspectives of control strategy in EuropeMarta Budziszewska0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7637-3191Paweł Krystian Bereś1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9999-4137Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute, Poznan, PolandRegional Experimental Station in Rzeszów, Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute, Rzeszów, PolandThe box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a significant invasive pest threatening boxwood (Buxus spp.) in Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. Since its initial detection in Europe in 2006, C. perspectalis has spread rapidly, causing widespread damage to both ornamental and wild boxwood populations. Although extensive investigations have been conducted on its biology, reproduction, ecology, and phenology, achieving fully sustainable control strategies in Europe remains challenging, even with numerous studies and pest management efforts documented in the literature. It is a highly polivoltine species, with larvae that aggressively consume boxwood foliage leading to defoliation and plant death. The economic impact in Europe has been particularly severe in natural landscapes, especially in historical gardens. C. perspectalis is highly adapted to feeding on boxwood. It is plausible that the microbiome of larvae might detoxify phytocompounds and modify plant defense thus facilitating their survival and proliferation. This review consolidates the current knowledge on C. perspectalis, including its biology, origin, and distribution. Based on currently available literature, effective management strategies, which primarily rely on monitoring and early detection, are discussed. Due to the challenges in controlling this pest and the lack of effective natural enemies an integrated pest management (IPM) approach is recommended. This strategy combines biological, chemical, and mechanical methods to reduce populations and limit their destructive impact. Furthermore, the pest’s ability to neutralize the natural toxins in boxwood leaves increases the risk of insecticide resistance development. Consequently, understanding the microbial interactions between C. perspectalis and its host plant could offer further pest control strategies by targeting the microbiome to disrupt the detoxification process, making the insect more susceptible to boxwood defenses.https://journals.pan.pl/Content/133866/PDF/R_11_JPPR_64_4_2268_Budziszewska.pdfbox tree mothdefoliationinvasivenessmicrobiomepest species |
| spellingShingle | Marta Budziszewska Paweł Krystian Bereś The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis: a review of biology, invasiveness, management practices and future perspectives of control strategy in Europe Journal of Plant Protection Research box tree moth defoliation invasiveness microbiome pest species |
| title | The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis: a review of biology, invasiveness, management practices and future perspectives of control strategy in Europe |
| title_full | The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis: a review of biology, invasiveness, management practices and future perspectives of control strategy in Europe |
| title_fullStr | The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis: a review of biology, invasiveness, management practices and future perspectives of control strategy in Europe |
| title_full_unstemmed | The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis: a review of biology, invasiveness, management practices and future perspectives of control strategy in Europe |
| title_short | The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis: a review of biology, invasiveness, management practices and future perspectives of control strategy in Europe |
| title_sort | box tree moth cydalima perspectalis a review of biology invasiveness management practices and future perspectives of control strategy in europe |
| topic | box tree moth defoliation invasiveness microbiome pest species |
| url | https://journals.pan.pl/Content/133866/PDF/R_11_JPPR_64_4_2268_Budziszewska.pdf |
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