Allolobophora caliginosa as bioindicator for chitosan–saponin–bentonite nanocomposite contaminated soil

Abstract The usage of nanocomposites in water treatment has risen, resulting in their leaking into the soil, which is a major environmental concern. Earthworm (Allolobophora caliginosa) is used as a bioindicator that can accumulate most pollutants, even if they are present in low concentrations. The...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ghada Mohamed Ahmed, Nesma A. Mostafa, Manal El-Garhy, Sohair R. Fahmy, Ayman Saber Mohamed, Sara Bayoumi Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-07708-w
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!