Effects of Laser Irradiation in High-Speed Gas Flow for Surface Treatments of Copper

In this study, the impacts of laser irradiation on the surface morphology and hardness of copper (Cu) are investigated under various environments, including air, vacuum, and high-pressure gas flow through a supersonic nozzle. After irradiating Cu targets with laser pulses with energy of 30, 60, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mohamed Ezzat, Constantin Aniculaesei, Joong Wook Lee, Seong Ku Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Micromachines
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/15/11/1296
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