Novel indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis - A randomized controlled clinico-microbiological pilot study

Background: The use of scaling, root planing, antimicrobials, or antibiotics in the treatment of Chronic Periodontitis have proven beneficial in the past. The reduction in inflammatory markers and significant resolve in the clinical signs and symptoms and microbial loads evinced by a number of studi...

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Main Authors: Ananya Wadhwa, Siddharth Mallapragada, Pallavi Sharma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2021-01-01
Series:Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212426820301664
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author Ananya Wadhwa
Siddharth Mallapragada
Pallavi Sharma
author_facet Ananya Wadhwa
Siddharth Mallapragada
Pallavi Sharma
author_sort Ananya Wadhwa
collection DOAJ
description Background: The use of scaling, root planing, antimicrobials, or antibiotics in the treatment of Chronic Periodontitis have proven beneficial in the past. The reduction in inflammatory markers and significant resolve in the clinical signs and symptoms and microbial loads evinced by a number of studies are a clear corroboration of the fact, but certain restraints utilizing these methods call for more effective ways of treating the disease. Later, lasers or photodynamic dyes used with the lasers like methylene blue or toluidine blue O have also not proven much efficacy and need further research. Hence the present pilot study is a step forward in this direction as it helps analyse the microbiological and clinical effects of indocyanine green antimicrobial photodynamic therapy an as adjunct to the non-surgical periodontal therapy in treating chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and methods: 30 patients diagnosed with generalized chronic periodontitis were treated with scaling and root planing alone - control sites; and indocyanine green antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in addition to scaling and root planing - experimental sites. 810 ​nm low level Gallium Aluminium Arsenide diode laser was used to activate the dye in the periodontal pockets of the experimental sites. Clinical parameters i.e. gingival index, plaque index, sulcus bleeding index, probing pocket depth and relative attachment level; and microbiological parameter i.e. the total viable anaerobic count were recorded at the inception and at 3- and 6-months post therapy. Results: Experimental sites showed significantly greater amelioration in all inquired clinical parameters and microbiological parameter at the end of 3- and 6-months of therapy. Conclusion: While the gold standard scaling and root planing remains, clinicians may also contemplate using the indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to it. Also, it is a safer, cost effective, less arduous, and patient friendly means of treating the disease.
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spelling doaj-art-e744d8a97a7b44c8b52bf803cecd86902024-11-23T06:28:29ZengElsevierJournal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research2212-42682021-01-011115762Novel indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis - A randomized controlled clinico-microbiological pilot studyAnanya Wadhwa0Siddharth Mallapragada1Pallavi Sharma2Corresponding author.; Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Plot No. 32, 34, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, IndiaDepartment of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Plot No. 32, 34, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, IndiaDepartment of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Plot No. 32, 34, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, IndiaBackground: The use of scaling, root planing, antimicrobials, or antibiotics in the treatment of Chronic Periodontitis have proven beneficial in the past. The reduction in inflammatory markers and significant resolve in the clinical signs and symptoms and microbial loads evinced by a number of studies are a clear corroboration of the fact, but certain restraints utilizing these methods call for more effective ways of treating the disease. Later, lasers or photodynamic dyes used with the lasers like methylene blue or toluidine blue O have also not proven much efficacy and need further research. Hence the present pilot study is a step forward in this direction as it helps analyse the microbiological and clinical effects of indocyanine green antimicrobial photodynamic therapy an as adjunct to the non-surgical periodontal therapy in treating chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and methods: 30 patients diagnosed with generalized chronic periodontitis were treated with scaling and root planing alone - control sites; and indocyanine green antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in addition to scaling and root planing - experimental sites. 810 ​nm low level Gallium Aluminium Arsenide diode laser was used to activate the dye in the periodontal pockets of the experimental sites. Clinical parameters i.e. gingival index, plaque index, sulcus bleeding index, probing pocket depth and relative attachment level; and microbiological parameter i.e. the total viable anaerobic count were recorded at the inception and at 3- and 6-months post therapy. Results: Experimental sites showed significantly greater amelioration in all inquired clinical parameters and microbiological parameter at the end of 3- and 6-months of therapy. Conclusion: While the gold standard scaling and root planing remains, clinicians may also contemplate using the indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to it. Also, it is a safer, cost effective, less arduous, and patient friendly means of treating the disease.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212426820301664AdjunctAntimicrobial photodynamic therapyGallium aluminium arsenide diode laserGeneralized chronic periodontitisIndocyanine green
spellingShingle Ananya Wadhwa
Siddharth Mallapragada
Pallavi Sharma
Novel indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis - A randomized controlled clinico-microbiological pilot study
Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
Adjunct
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy
Gallium aluminium arsenide diode laser
Generalized chronic periodontitis
Indocyanine green
title Novel indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis - A randomized controlled clinico-microbiological pilot study
title_full Novel indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis - A randomized controlled clinico-microbiological pilot study
title_fullStr Novel indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis - A randomized controlled clinico-microbiological pilot study
title_full_unstemmed Novel indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis - A randomized controlled clinico-microbiological pilot study
title_short Novel indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis - A randomized controlled clinico-microbiological pilot study
title_sort novel indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis a randomized controlled clinico microbiological pilot study
topic Adjunct
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy
Gallium aluminium arsenide diode laser
Generalized chronic periodontitis
Indocyanine green
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212426820301664
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