Effects of ambient air pollution mixtures and household fuel use on progression to advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older adults

Background: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is identified as a medical condition with the presence of obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. This study assesses the associations of ambient air pollution and household fuel usage with the risk of CKM synd...

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Main Authors: Shunchang Fan, Haoyue Hu, Yucheng Li, Ying Deng, Shiao Wang, Juxian Xian, Daoqi Zhu, Minyi Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325012606
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