Immunotherapy and the Tumor Microenvironment in Brain Metastases from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Challenges and Future Directions

Immunotherapy and the Tumor Microenvironment in Brain Metastases from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Challenges and Future Directions

Brain metastases (BMs) are a relatively common and severe complication in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), significantly affecting patient prognosis. Metastatic tumor cells can alter the brain tumor microenvironment (TME) to promote an immunosuppressive state, characterized by reduced in...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Meng Wang, Jihua Yang, Shuai Wang, Harjot Gill, Haiying Cheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Current Oncology
Subjects:
brain metastases
non-small-cell lung cancer
immune system
tumor microenvironment
immune checkpoint inhibitors
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/3/171
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