Widespread use of ChatGPT and other Artificial Intelligence tools among medical students in Uganda: A cross-sectional study.
<h4>Background</h4>Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a 175-billion-parameter natural language processing model that uses deep learning algorithms trained on vast amounts of data to generate human-like texts such as essays. Consequently, it has introduced new challenges...
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| Format: | Article |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313776 |
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| author | Elizabeth Ajalo David Mukunya Ritah Nantale Frank Kayemba Kennedy Pangholi Jonathan Babuya Suzan Langoya Akuu Amelia Margaret Namiiro Yakobo Baddokwaya Nsubuga Joseph Luwaga Mpagi Milton W Musaba Faith Oguttu Job Kuteesa Aloysius Gonzaga Mubuuke Ian Guyton Munabi Sarah Kiguli |
| author_facet | Elizabeth Ajalo David Mukunya Ritah Nantale Frank Kayemba Kennedy Pangholi Jonathan Babuya Suzan Langoya Akuu Amelia Margaret Namiiro Yakobo Baddokwaya Nsubuga Joseph Luwaga Mpagi Milton W Musaba Faith Oguttu Job Kuteesa Aloysius Gonzaga Mubuuke Ian Guyton Munabi Sarah Kiguli |
| author_sort | Elizabeth Ajalo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a 175-billion-parameter natural language processing model that uses deep learning algorithms trained on vast amounts of data to generate human-like texts such as essays. Consequently, it has introduced new challenges and threats to medical education. We assessed the use of ChatGPT and other AI tools among medical students in Uganda.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among medical students at four public universities in Uganda from 1st November 2023 to 20th December 2023. Participants were recruited by stratified random sampling. We used a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on participants' socio-demographics and use of AI tools such as ChatGPT. Our outcome variable was use of AI tools. Data were analyzed descriptively in Stata version 17.0. We conducted a modified Poisson regression to explore the association between use of AI tools and various exposures.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 564 students participated. Almost all (93%) had heard about AI tools and more than two-thirds (75.7%) had ever used AI tools. Regarding the AI tools used, majority (72.2%) had ever used ChatGPT, followed by SnapChat AI (14.9%), Bing AI (11.5%), and Bard AI (6.9%). Most students use AI tools to complete assignments (55.5%), preparing for tutorials (39.9%), preparing for exams (34.8%) and research writing (24.8%). Students also reported the use of AI tools for nonacademic purposes including emotional support, recreation, and spiritual growth. Older students were 31% less likely to use AI tools compared to younger ones (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR):0.69; 95% CI: [0.62, 0.76]). Students at Makerere University were 66% more likely to use AI tools compared to students in Gulu University (aPR:1.66; 95% CI:[1.64, 1.69]).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The use of ChatGPT and other AI tools was widespread among medical students in Uganda. AI tools were used for both academic and non-academic purposes. Younger students were more likely to use AI tools compared to older students. There is a need to promote AI literacy in institutions to empower older students with essential skills for the digital age. Further, educators should assume students are using AI and adjust their way of teaching and setting exams to suit this new reality. Our research adds further evidence to existing voices calling for regulatory frameworks for AI in medical education. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dfd8b9edbff0460e9f9729ccbfcf1c2c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-dfd8b9edbff0460e9f9729ccbfcf1c2c2025-01-17T05:31:32ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01201e031377610.1371/journal.pone.0313776Widespread use of ChatGPT and other Artificial Intelligence tools among medical students in Uganda: A cross-sectional study.Elizabeth AjaloDavid MukunyaRitah NantaleFrank KayembaKennedy PangholiJonathan BabuyaSuzan Langoya AkuuAmelia Margaret NamiiroYakobo Baddokwaya NsubugaJoseph Luwaga MpagiMilton W MusabaFaith OguttuJob KuteesaAloysius Gonzaga MubuukeIan Guyton MunabiSarah Kiguli<h4>Background</h4>Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a 175-billion-parameter natural language processing model that uses deep learning algorithms trained on vast amounts of data to generate human-like texts such as essays. Consequently, it has introduced new challenges and threats to medical education. We assessed the use of ChatGPT and other AI tools among medical students in Uganda.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among medical students at four public universities in Uganda from 1st November 2023 to 20th December 2023. Participants were recruited by stratified random sampling. We used a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on participants' socio-demographics and use of AI tools such as ChatGPT. Our outcome variable was use of AI tools. Data were analyzed descriptively in Stata version 17.0. We conducted a modified Poisson regression to explore the association between use of AI tools and various exposures.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 564 students participated. Almost all (93%) had heard about AI tools and more than two-thirds (75.7%) had ever used AI tools. Regarding the AI tools used, majority (72.2%) had ever used ChatGPT, followed by SnapChat AI (14.9%), Bing AI (11.5%), and Bard AI (6.9%). Most students use AI tools to complete assignments (55.5%), preparing for tutorials (39.9%), preparing for exams (34.8%) and research writing (24.8%). Students also reported the use of AI tools for nonacademic purposes including emotional support, recreation, and spiritual growth. Older students were 31% less likely to use AI tools compared to younger ones (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR):0.69; 95% CI: [0.62, 0.76]). Students at Makerere University were 66% more likely to use AI tools compared to students in Gulu University (aPR:1.66; 95% CI:[1.64, 1.69]).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The use of ChatGPT and other AI tools was widespread among medical students in Uganda. AI tools were used for both academic and non-academic purposes. Younger students were more likely to use AI tools compared to older students. There is a need to promote AI literacy in institutions to empower older students with essential skills for the digital age. Further, educators should assume students are using AI and adjust their way of teaching and setting exams to suit this new reality. Our research adds further evidence to existing voices calling for regulatory frameworks for AI in medical education.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313776 |
| spellingShingle | Elizabeth Ajalo David Mukunya Ritah Nantale Frank Kayemba Kennedy Pangholi Jonathan Babuya Suzan Langoya Akuu Amelia Margaret Namiiro Yakobo Baddokwaya Nsubuga Joseph Luwaga Mpagi Milton W Musaba Faith Oguttu Job Kuteesa Aloysius Gonzaga Mubuuke Ian Guyton Munabi Sarah Kiguli Widespread use of ChatGPT and other Artificial Intelligence tools among medical students in Uganda: A cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE |
| title | Widespread use of ChatGPT and other Artificial Intelligence tools among medical students in Uganda: A cross-sectional study. |
| title_full | Widespread use of ChatGPT and other Artificial Intelligence tools among medical students in Uganda: A cross-sectional study. |
| title_fullStr | Widespread use of ChatGPT and other Artificial Intelligence tools among medical students in Uganda: A cross-sectional study. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Widespread use of ChatGPT and other Artificial Intelligence tools among medical students in Uganda: A cross-sectional study. |
| title_short | Widespread use of ChatGPT and other Artificial Intelligence tools among medical students in Uganda: A cross-sectional study. |
| title_sort | widespread use of chatgpt and other artificial intelligence tools among medical students in uganda a cross sectional study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313776 |
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