Hypothalamic Regulation of Cardiorespiratory Functions: Insights into the Dorsomedial and Perifornical Pathways
The <b>dorsomedial hypothalamus nucleus (DMH)</b> plays a pivotal role in the orchestration of sympathetic nervous system activities. Through its projections to the brainstem and pontomedullary nuclei, it controls heart rate, contractility, blood pressure, and respiratory activity, such...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Laura Carrillo-Franco Marta González-García Carmen Morales-Luque Marc Stefan Dawid-Milner Manuel Víctor López-González |
| author_facet | Laura Carrillo-Franco Marta González-García Carmen Morales-Luque Marc Stefan Dawid-Milner Manuel Víctor López-González |
| author_sort | Laura Carrillo-Franco |
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| description | The <b>dorsomedial hypothalamus nucleus (DMH)</b> plays a pivotal role in the orchestration of sympathetic nervous system activities. Through its projections to the brainstem and pontomedullary nuclei, it controls heart rate, contractility, blood pressure, and respiratory activity, such as timing and volumes. The DMH integrates inputs from higher brain centers and processes these signals in order to modulate autonomic outflow accordingly. It has been demonstrated to be of particular significance in the context of stress responses, where it orchestrates the physiological adaptations that are necessary for all adaptative responses. The <b>perifornical region (PeF)</b>, which is closely associated with the DMH, also makes a contribution to autonomic regulation. The involvement of the PeF region in autonomic control is evidenced by its function in coordinating the autonomic and endocrine responses to stress, frequently in conjunction with the DMH. The DMH and the PeF do not function in an isolated manner; rather, they are components of a comprehensive hypothalamic network that integrates several autonomic responses. This neural network could serve as a target for developing therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-de5c7a25a996479bb18ec2f7558b08df |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-de5c7a25a996479bb18ec2f7558b08df2024-11-26T17:52:30ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372024-11-01131193310.3390/biology13110933Hypothalamic Regulation of Cardiorespiratory Functions: Insights into the Dorsomedial and Perifornical PathwaysLaura Carrillo-Franco0Marta González-García1Carmen Morales-Luque2Marc Stefan Dawid-Milner3Manuel Víctor López-González4Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Malaga, SpainDepartment of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Malaga, SpainDepartment of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Malaga, SpainDepartment of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Malaga, SpainDepartment of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Malaga, SpainThe <b>dorsomedial hypothalamus nucleus (DMH)</b> plays a pivotal role in the orchestration of sympathetic nervous system activities. Through its projections to the brainstem and pontomedullary nuclei, it controls heart rate, contractility, blood pressure, and respiratory activity, such as timing and volumes. The DMH integrates inputs from higher brain centers and processes these signals in order to modulate autonomic outflow accordingly. It has been demonstrated to be of particular significance in the context of stress responses, where it orchestrates the physiological adaptations that are necessary for all adaptative responses. The <b>perifornical region (PeF)</b>, which is closely associated with the DMH, also makes a contribution to autonomic regulation. The involvement of the PeF region in autonomic control is evidenced by its function in coordinating the autonomic and endocrine responses to stress, frequently in conjunction with the DMH. The DMH and the PeF do not function in an isolated manner; rather, they are components of a comprehensive hypothalamic network that integrates several autonomic responses. This neural network could serve as a target for developing therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/11/933autonomic nervous systemcardiorespiratory controldorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus and perifornical areastressdefense response |
| spellingShingle | Laura Carrillo-Franco Marta González-García Carmen Morales-Luque Marc Stefan Dawid-Milner Manuel Víctor López-González Hypothalamic Regulation of Cardiorespiratory Functions: Insights into the Dorsomedial and Perifornical Pathways Biology autonomic nervous system cardiorespiratory control dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus and perifornical area stress defense response |
| title | Hypothalamic Regulation of Cardiorespiratory Functions: Insights into the Dorsomedial and Perifornical Pathways |
| title_full | Hypothalamic Regulation of Cardiorespiratory Functions: Insights into the Dorsomedial and Perifornical Pathways |
| title_fullStr | Hypothalamic Regulation of Cardiorespiratory Functions: Insights into the Dorsomedial and Perifornical Pathways |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypothalamic Regulation of Cardiorespiratory Functions: Insights into the Dorsomedial and Perifornical Pathways |
| title_short | Hypothalamic Regulation of Cardiorespiratory Functions: Insights into the Dorsomedial and Perifornical Pathways |
| title_sort | hypothalamic regulation of cardiorespiratory functions insights into the dorsomedial and perifornical pathways |
| topic | autonomic nervous system cardiorespiratory control dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus and perifornical area stress defense response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/11/933 |
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