Association between urinary heavy metal concentrations, thyroid hormones, and birth outcomes among pregnant women in Isfahan City

Abstract Heavy metals are toxic elements that can have significant adverse effects on human health, particularly during vulnerable periods such as pregnancy. The presence of heavy metals in the environment can lead to increased exposure in pregnant women, which may adversely affect both maternal and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maryam Moradnia, Karin Broberg, Manuel Lozano, Afsane Chavoshani, Mehdi Salari, Hossein Movahedian Attar, Roya Kelishadi, Mohammad Darvishmotevalli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10137-4
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