Adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index is associated with reduced plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
Background and aims: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disease associated with hypercholesterolemia, and dietary treatment is part of the treatment. We aimed to assess the dietary pattern in relation to the Healthy Nordic Food Index (HNFI) in adults with and without heterozygous FH...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Atherosclerosis Plus |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667089524000488 |
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| author | Eirin B. Løvheim Kjetil Retterstøl Ingunn Narverud Martin P. Bogsrud Bente Halvorsen Thor Ueland Pål Aukrust Kirsten B. Holven |
| author_facet | Eirin B. Løvheim Kjetil Retterstøl Ingunn Narverud Martin P. Bogsrud Bente Halvorsen Thor Ueland Pål Aukrust Kirsten B. Holven |
| author_sort | Eirin B. Løvheim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and aims: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disease associated with hypercholesterolemia, and dietary treatment is part of the treatment. We aimed to assess the dietary pattern in relation to the Healthy Nordic Food Index (HNFI) in adults with and without heterozygous FH (HeFH), and to examine the associations between dietary quality and biomarkers related to cardiovascular disease in adults with HeFH. Methods: We included 205 adults (≥18 years) with HeFH who received follow-up at the Lipid Clinic in Oslo and compared them to controls (n = 228). Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and dietary quality was assessed using the HNFI. Blood samples were analysed for levels of blood lipids, plasma fatty acids (FAs), and markers of inflammation and platelet activation. Results: The HeFH patients (median 60 years; 50.2 % female; 25.9 % in secondary prevention) had lower intake of total and saturated fat compared to controls (32.6 energy percent (E%) vs. 34.9 E%, and 9.6 E% vs 12.0 E%, respectively; p < 0.001 for both). In the HeFH patients, increasing dietary quality was associated with increased plasma levels of the n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and the n-6 PUFA linoleic acid, and lower plasma levels of the inflammatory cytokines Tumor Necrosis Factor and interleukin-6, and of the platelet-derived inflammatory cytokines Platelet Factor 4 and Neutrophil-Activating Peptide-2. Conclusion: Norwegian patients with HeFH followed up at a Lipid Clinic eat healthier than controls. Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is associated with higher plasma levels of n-3 and n-6 PUFA, and lower levels of inflammatory markers, including platelet markers. This may suggest that adherence to an overall healthy dietary pattern might be beneficial for HeFH patients independent of the cholesterol-lowering effect of the diet. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dbc98f4ee3d4401480100843672ea93f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2667-0895 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atherosclerosis Plus |
| spelling | doaj-art-dbc98f4ee3d4401480100843672ea93f2024-12-14T06:33:28ZengElsevierAtherosclerosis Plus2667-08952024-12-01583845Adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index is associated with reduced plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemiaEirin B. Løvheim0Kjetil Retterstøl1Ingunn Narverud2Martin P. Bogsrud3Bente Halvorsen4Thor Ueland5Pål Aukrust6Kirsten B. Holven7Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1046 Blindern, 0317, Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1046 Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway; Lipid Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, NorwayNorwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Oslo University Hospital, NorwayUnit for Cardiac and Cardiovascular Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayResearch Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, NorwayResearch Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Thrombosis Research Center (TREC), Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, NorwayResearch Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1046 Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Corresponding author. Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences. University of Oslo, P.O box 1046 Blindern 0317, Oslo, Norway.Background and aims: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disease associated with hypercholesterolemia, and dietary treatment is part of the treatment. We aimed to assess the dietary pattern in relation to the Healthy Nordic Food Index (HNFI) in adults with and without heterozygous FH (HeFH), and to examine the associations between dietary quality and biomarkers related to cardiovascular disease in adults with HeFH. Methods: We included 205 adults (≥18 years) with HeFH who received follow-up at the Lipid Clinic in Oslo and compared them to controls (n = 228). Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and dietary quality was assessed using the HNFI. Blood samples were analysed for levels of blood lipids, plasma fatty acids (FAs), and markers of inflammation and platelet activation. Results: The HeFH patients (median 60 years; 50.2 % female; 25.9 % in secondary prevention) had lower intake of total and saturated fat compared to controls (32.6 energy percent (E%) vs. 34.9 E%, and 9.6 E% vs 12.0 E%, respectively; p < 0.001 for both). In the HeFH patients, increasing dietary quality was associated with increased plasma levels of the n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and the n-6 PUFA linoleic acid, and lower plasma levels of the inflammatory cytokines Tumor Necrosis Factor and interleukin-6, and of the platelet-derived inflammatory cytokines Platelet Factor 4 and Neutrophil-Activating Peptide-2. Conclusion: Norwegian patients with HeFH followed up at a Lipid Clinic eat healthier than controls. Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is associated with higher plasma levels of n-3 and n-6 PUFA, and lower levels of inflammatory markers, including platelet markers. This may suggest that adherence to an overall healthy dietary pattern might be beneficial for HeFH patients independent of the cholesterol-lowering effect of the diet.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667089524000488Familial hypercholesterolemiaInflammationAtherosclerosisDietHealthy |
| spellingShingle | Eirin B. Løvheim Kjetil Retterstøl Ingunn Narverud Martin P. Bogsrud Bente Halvorsen Thor Ueland Pål Aukrust Kirsten B. Holven Adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index is associated with reduced plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia Atherosclerosis Plus Familial hypercholesterolemia Inflammation Atherosclerosis Diet Healthy |
| title | Adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index is associated with reduced plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia |
| title_full | Adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index is associated with reduced plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia |
| title_fullStr | Adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index is associated with reduced plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index is associated with reduced plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia |
| title_short | Adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index is associated with reduced plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia |
| title_sort | adherence to the healthy nordic food index is associated with reduced plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia |
| topic | Familial hypercholesterolemia Inflammation Atherosclerosis Diet Healthy |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667089524000488 |
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