Effects of Adding Different Corn Residue Components on Soil and Aggregate Organic Carbon

Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a vital role in maintaining soil fertility and ecosystem sustainability, with crop residues serving as a key carbon input. However, how different maize residue components influence SOC stabilization across aggregate sizes and fertility levels remains poorly understood...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ninghui Xie, Liangjie Sun, Tong Lu, Xi Zhang, Ning Duan, Wei Wang, Xiaolong Liang, Yuchuan Fan, Huiyu Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Agriculture
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1050
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849327669353644032
author Ninghui Xie
Liangjie Sun
Tong Lu
Xi Zhang
Ning Duan
Wei Wang
Xiaolong Liang
Yuchuan Fan
Huiyu Liu
author_facet Ninghui Xie
Liangjie Sun
Tong Lu
Xi Zhang
Ning Duan
Wei Wang
Xiaolong Liang
Yuchuan Fan
Huiyu Liu
author_sort Ninghui Xie
collection DOAJ
description Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a vital role in maintaining soil fertility and ecosystem sustainability, with crop residues serving as a key carbon input. However, how different maize residue components influence SOC stabilization across aggregate sizes and fertility levels remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of maize roots, stems, and leaves on SOC dynamics and aggregate-associated carbon under low- and high-fertility Brown Earth soils through a 360-day laboratory incubation. Results revealed that residue incorporation induced an initial increase in SOC, followed by a gradual decline due to microbial mineralization, yet maintained net carbon retention. In low-fertility soil, leaf residues led to the highest SOC content (12.08 g kg<sup>−1</sup>), whereas root residues were most effective under high-fertility conditions (18.93 g kg<sup>−1</sup>). Residue addition enhanced macroaggregate (>0.25 mm) formation while reducing microaggregate fractions, with differential patterns of SOC distribution across aggregate sizes. SOC initially accumulated in 0.25–2 mm aggregates but gradually shifted to >2 mm and <0.053 mm fractions over time. Root residues favored stabilization in high-fertility soils via mineral association, while stem and leaf residues promoted aggregate-level carbon protection in low-fertility soils. These findings highlight the interactive roles of residue type and soil fertility in regulating SOC sequestration pathways.
format Article
id doaj-art-d82b6cad8e8a4a30a53f5532f817b6bd
institution Kabale University
issn 2077-0472
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Agriculture
spelling doaj-art-d82b6cad8e8a4a30a53f5532f817b6bd2025-08-20T03:47:48ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722025-05-011510105010.3390/agriculture15101050Effects of Adding Different Corn Residue Components on Soil and Aggregate Organic CarbonNinghui Xie0Liangjie Sun1Tong Lu2Xi Zhang3Ning Duan4Wei Wang5Xiaolong Liang6Yuchuan Fan7Huiyu Liu8CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, ChinaNortheast Key Laboratory of Conservation and Improvement of Cultivated Land, College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, ChinaNortheast Key Laboratory of Conservation and Improvement of Cultivated Land, College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, ChinaDepartment of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USADepartment of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USAInstitute of Ulanqab Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Ulanqab 012000, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, ChinaCollege of Jiyang, Zhejiang A&F University, No. 77 Puyang Road, Zhuji 311800, ChinaLiaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 84 Dongling Road, Shenyang 110161, ChinaSoil organic carbon (SOC) plays a vital role in maintaining soil fertility and ecosystem sustainability, with crop residues serving as a key carbon input. However, how different maize residue components influence SOC stabilization across aggregate sizes and fertility levels remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of maize roots, stems, and leaves on SOC dynamics and aggregate-associated carbon under low- and high-fertility Brown Earth soils through a 360-day laboratory incubation. Results revealed that residue incorporation induced an initial increase in SOC, followed by a gradual decline due to microbial mineralization, yet maintained net carbon retention. In low-fertility soil, leaf residues led to the highest SOC content (12.08 g kg<sup>−1</sup>), whereas root residues were most effective under high-fertility conditions (18.93 g kg<sup>−1</sup>). Residue addition enhanced macroaggregate (>0.25 mm) formation while reducing microaggregate fractions, with differential patterns of SOC distribution across aggregate sizes. SOC initially accumulated in 0.25–2 mm aggregates but gradually shifted to >2 mm and <0.053 mm fractions over time. Root residues favored stabilization in high-fertility soils via mineral association, while stem and leaf residues promoted aggregate-level carbon protection in low-fertility soils. These findings highlight the interactive roles of residue type and soil fertility in regulating SOC sequestration pathways.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1050soil fertilitymaize residuesoil organic carbonaggregate
spellingShingle Ninghui Xie
Liangjie Sun
Tong Lu
Xi Zhang
Ning Duan
Wei Wang
Xiaolong Liang
Yuchuan Fan
Huiyu Liu
Effects of Adding Different Corn Residue Components on Soil and Aggregate Organic Carbon
Agriculture
soil fertility
maize residue
soil organic carbon
aggregate
title Effects of Adding Different Corn Residue Components on Soil and Aggregate Organic Carbon
title_full Effects of Adding Different Corn Residue Components on Soil and Aggregate Organic Carbon
title_fullStr Effects of Adding Different Corn Residue Components on Soil and Aggregate Organic Carbon
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Adding Different Corn Residue Components on Soil and Aggregate Organic Carbon
title_short Effects of Adding Different Corn Residue Components on Soil and Aggregate Organic Carbon
title_sort effects of adding different corn residue components on soil and aggregate organic carbon
topic soil fertility
maize residue
soil organic carbon
aggregate
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1050
work_keys_str_mv AT ninghuixie effectsofaddingdifferentcornresiduecomponentsonsoilandaggregateorganiccarbon
AT liangjiesun effectsofaddingdifferentcornresiduecomponentsonsoilandaggregateorganiccarbon
AT tonglu effectsofaddingdifferentcornresiduecomponentsonsoilandaggregateorganiccarbon
AT xizhang effectsofaddingdifferentcornresiduecomponentsonsoilandaggregateorganiccarbon
AT ningduan effectsofaddingdifferentcornresiduecomponentsonsoilandaggregateorganiccarbon
AT weiwang effectsofaddingdifferentcornresiduecomponentsonsoilandaggregateorganiccarbon
AT xiaolongliang effectsofaddingdifferentcornresiduecomponentsonsoilandaggregateorganiccarbon
AT yuchuanfan effectsofaddingdifferentcornresiduecomponentsonsoilandaggregateorganiccarbon
AT huiyuliu effectsofaddingdifferentcornresiduecomponentsonsoilandaggregateorganiccarbon