Optimization and greenness assessments of the supramolecular solvent-assisted cloud point extraction method for copper spectrophotometric determination in water and food samples
For the first time, the green supramolecular solvents (SUPRASs)-based cloud point extraction (CPE) approach was created for copper spectrophotometric determination in food and water samples. SUPRASs were synthesized in six different forms and used as synergistic reagents. SUPRAS (water, salicylic ac...
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2024-12-01
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| Series: | Green Analytical Chemistry |
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| author | Ekhlas A. AbdulKareem Azhar Y.M. Al-Murshedi Rana Kadhim Ridha Ebaa Adnan Azooz |
| author_facet | Ekhlas A. AbdulKareem Azhar Y.M. Al-Murshedi Rana Kadhim Ridha Ebaa Adnan Azooz |
| author_sort | Ekhlas A. AbdulKareem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For the first time, the green supramolecular solvents (SUPRASs)-based cloud point extraction (CPE) approach was created for copper spectrophotometric determination in food and water samples. SUPRASs were synthesized in six different forms and used as synergistic reagents. SUPRAS (water, salicylic acid, and THF) mixed with TritonX-114 (TX-114) to be the most efficient extraction solvent. The validation investigation found that the linearity range, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), enhancement factor (EF), and preconcentration factor (PF) are 0.2-700.0 μg L-1, 0.1 μg L-1, 0.33 μg L-1, 85.0, and 50.0, respectively. The technique's accuracy was calculated using standard reference materials (SRMs) (GBW07605 Tea Leaves and GBW10019 Apple) and ranged between 96.0 and 98.9%. Lastly, a novel SUPRAS-CPE approach was utilized to determine copper concentrations in real water, food tests, and SRMs. Furthermore, the SUPRAS-CPE conforms to green chemistry principles by using less both time and energy than previous studies. Also, the greenness values were determined by three recent tools. The Analytical Greenness Metric for Sample Preparation (AGREEprep), Complex Modified GAPI (ComplexMoGAPI), and Sample Preparation Metric of Sustainability (SPMS) programs produced results of 0.79, 86.0, and 8.42, respectively. These results are strongly aligned with both green ideals and environmentally friendly practices. The finding increases the possibilities for using SUPRAS-CPE to extract additional mineral ions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d4057c62cc5748cca7d7d53ab64559a0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2772-5774 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Green Analytical Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-d4057c62cc5748cca7d7d53ab64559a02024-12-08T06:13:28ZengElsevierGreen Analytical Chemistry2772-57742024-12-0111100181Optimization and greenness assessments of the supramolecular solvent-assisted cloud point extraction method for copper spectrophotometric determination in water and food samplesEkhlas A. AbdulKareem0Azhar Y.M. Al-Murshedi1Rana Kadhim Ridha2Ebaa Adnan Azooz3Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Diyala, Diyala, IraqThe Chemistry Department, College Education for Girls, Kufa University, An-Najaf, IraqDepartment of Food Health and Nutrition College of Food Sciences, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon 51013, IraqThe Chemistry Department, The Gifted Students’ School in Najaf, Ministry of Education, Najaf, Iraq; Radiological Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Corresponding author.For the first time, the green supramolecular solvents (SUPRASs)-based cloud point extraction (CPE) approach was created for copper spectrophotometric determination in food and water samples. SUPRASs were synthesized in six different forms and used as synergistic reagents. SUPRAS (water, salicylic acid, and THF) mixed with TritonX-114 (TX-114) to be the most efficient extraction solvent. The validation investigation found that the linearity range, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), enhancement factor (EF), and preconcentration factor (PF) are 0.2-700.0 μg L-1, 0.1 μg L-1, 0.33 μg L-1, 85.0, and 50.0, respectively. The technique's accuracy was calculated using standard reference materials (SRMs) (GBW07605 Tea Leaves and GBW10019 Apple) and ranged between 96.0 and 98.9%. Lastly, a novel SUPRAS-CPE approach was utilized to determine copper concentrations in real water, food tests, and SRMs. Furthermore, the SUPRAS-CPE conforms to green chemistry principles by using less both time and energy than previous studies. Also, the greenness values were determined by three recent tools. The Analytical Greenness Metric for Sample Preparation (AGREEprep), Complex Modified GAPI (ComplexMoGAPI), and Sample Preparation Metric of Sustainability (SPMS) programs produced results of 0.79, 86.0, and 8.42, respectively. These results are strongly aligned with both green ideals and environmentally friendly practices. The finding increases the possibilities for using SUPRAS-CPE to extract additional mineral ions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772577424000909Cloud point extractionCopperGreenness assessmentsSynergistic reagentSupramolecular solvents |
| spellingShingle | Ekhlas A. AbdulKareem Azhar Y.M. Al-Murshedi Rana Kadhim Ridha Ebaa Adnan Azooz Optimization and greenness assessments of the supramolecular solvent-assisted cloud point extraction method for copper spectrophotometric determination in water and food samples Green Analytical Chemistry Cloud point extraction Copper Greenness assessments Synergistic reagent Supramolecular solvents |
| title | Optimization and greenness assessments of the supramolecular solvent-assisted cloud point extraction method for copper spectrophotometric determination in water and food samples |
| title_full | Optimization and greenness assessments of the supramolecular solvent-assisted cloud point extraction method for copper spectrophotometric determination in water and food samples |
| title_fullStr | Optimization and greenness assessments of the supramolecular solvent-assisted cloud point extraction method for copper spectrophotometric determination in water and food samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization and greenness assessments of the supramolecular solvent-assisted cloud point extraction method for copper spectrophotometric determination in water and food samples |
| title_short | Optimization and greenness assessments of the supramolecular solvent-assisted cloud point extraction method for copper spectrophotometric determination in water and food samples |
| title_sort | optimization and greenness assessments of the supramolecular solvent assisted cloud point extraction method for copper spectrophotometric determination in water and food samples |
| topic | Cloud point extraction Copper Greenness assessments Synergistic reagent Supramolecular solvents |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772577424000909 |
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