Internally displaced in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia): Management and sustainability of shelter and settlement
Following the two-year war (2020−2022) in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, more than two million people were internally displaced. A large number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) suffered precarious shelter and settlement conditions, resulting in unsafe, undignified, and substandard living environme...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Progress in Disaster Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590061725000560 |
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| author | Samuel Bekele Domenico Patassini Jacopo Galli |
| author_facet | Samuel Bekele Domenico Patassini Jacopo Galli |
| author_sort | Samuel Bekele |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Following the two-year war (2020−2022) in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, more than two million people were internally displaced. A large number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) suffered precarious shelter and settlement conditions, resulting in unsafe, undignified, and substandard living environments. Construction of emergency shelter within a short timeframe, limited availability of humanitarian partners, logistical constraints, and scarce resources were among the major challenges. These issues were further exacerbated by the lack of a comprehensive assessment of shelter typologies, as well as traditional construction methods and settlement patterns. The aim of this study is to assess shelter typologies and construction systems, as well as to examine settlement characteristics, delivery, and management approaches. Particular emphasis is placed on innovative shelter solutions and sustainability. A multi-site case study, combined with within- and cross-case analysis, enabled the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data across multiple locations. Data were gathered through interviews, questionnaires, focus group discussions, on-site observations, and visual documentation, supported by a comprehensive literature review. The study identified sixteen distinct shelter typologies, each varying in design, construction methods, building materials, and longevity across four primary settlement morphologies.Settlements were created through IDPs self construction or direct by humanitarian partners. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d3125f50f18e45ed9c287c54ba1b7c46 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2590-0617 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Progress in Disaster Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-d3125f50f18e45ed9c287c54ba1b7c462025-08-26T04:14:29ZengElsevierProgress in Disaster Science2590-06172025-12-012810045910.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100459Internally displaced in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia): Management and sustainability of shelter and settlementSamuel Bekele0Domenico Patassini1Jacopo Galli2School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Mekelle University, Ethiopia and School of Doctoral Studies of Iuav University of Venice, Italy; Corresponding author.School of Doctoral Studies of Iuav University of Venice, ItalySchool of Doctoral Studies of Iuav University of Venice, ItalyFollowing the two-year war (2020−2022) in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, more than two million people were internally displaced. A large number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) suffered precarious shelter and settlement conditions, resulting in unsafe, undignified, and substandard living environments. Construction of emergency shelter within a short timeframe, limited availability of humanitarian partners, logistical constraints, and scarce resources were among the major challenges. These issues were further exacerbated by the lack of a comprehensive assessment of shelter typologies, as well as traditional construction methods and settlement patterns. The aim of this study is to assess shelter typologies and construction systems, as well as to examine settlement characteristics, delivery, and management approaches. Particular emphasis is placed on innovative shelter solutions and sustainability. A multi-site case study, combined with within- and cross-case analysis, enabled the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data across multiple locations. Data were gathered through interviews, questionnaires, focus group discussions, on-site observations, and visual documentation, supported by a comprehensive literature review. The study identified sixteen distinct shelter typologies, each varying in design, construction methods, building materials, and longevity across four primary settlement morphologies.Settlements were created through IDPs self construction or direct by humanitarian partners.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590061725000560WarIDPsShelter typologySettlement morphologySustainabilityTigray |
| spellingShingle | Samuel Bekele Domenico Patassini Jacopo Galli Internally displaced in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia): Management and sustainability of shelter and settlement Progress in Disaster Science War IDPs Shelter typology Settlement morphology Sustainability Tigray |
| title | Internally displaced in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia): Management and sustainability of shelter and settlement |
| title_full | Internally displaced in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia): Management and sustainability of shelter and settlement |
| title_fullStr | Internally displaced in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia): Management and sustainability of shelter and settlement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Internally displaced in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia): Management and sustainability of shelter and settlement |
| title_short | Internally displaced in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia): Management and sustainability of shelter and settlement |
| title_sort | internally displaced in tigray northern ethiopia management and sustainability of shelter and settlement |
| topic | War IDPs Shelter typology Settlement morphology Sustainability Tigray |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590061725000560 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT samuelbekele internallydisplacedintigraynorthernethiopiamanagementandsustainabilityofshelterandsettlement AT domenicopatassini internallydisplacedintigraynorthernethiopiamanagementandsustainabilityofshelterandsettlement AT jacopogalli internallydisplacedintigraynorthernethiopiamanagementandsustainabilityofshelterandsettlement |