Risk factors and prediction models for severe radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with severe radiation-induced oral mucositis (SRIOM) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and to establish a prediction model for SRIOM. Methods A total of 262 NPC patients who underwen...

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Main Authors: Yi Liang, XiaoQin Wang, XunRen Shi, XinXiong Fei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-05-01
Series:Discover Oncology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02458-7
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author Yi Liang
XiaoQin Wang
XunRen Shi
XinXiong Fei
author_facet Yi Liang
XiaoQin Wang
XunRen Shi
XinXiong Fei
author_sort Yi Liang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with severe radiation-induced oral mucositis (SRIOM) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and to establish a prediction model for SRIOM. Methods A total of 262 NPC patients who underwent CRT were analyzed retrospectively, including 192 in the modeling group and 70 in the validation group. The modeling group was divided into the non-SRIOM group (n = 112) and the SRIOM group (n = 80), and the validation group was divided into the non-SRIOM group (n = 40) and the SRIOM group (n = 30) according to the presence of SRIOM. Univariate and multivariate logistic logistic analyses were performed on the clinical data and general characteristics of all patients to construct a prediction model for SRIOM in NPC patients. The practical efficacy of the prediction model was evaluated using Hosmer–Lemeshow test, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results BMI < 23.9 kg/m2, history of periodontal disease, history of alcohol consumption, history of smoking, non-use of oral mucosal protectants, and poor oral hygiene were independent risk factors for SRIOM in NPC patients. The prediction model showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.813 (95% CI 0.752–0.875). The prediction model demonstrated strong predictive accuracy and clinical utility, as evidenced by both calibration and DCA curves. Conclusion The SRIOM prediction model, developed from the clinical characteristics and general information of NPC patients, is beneficial in clinical practice for identifying high-risk SRIOM and creating tailored treatment plans.
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spelling doaj-art-c037b5c51ff34f14a20bbb08df7c2e982025-08-20T03:48:18ZengSpringerDiscover Oncology2730-60112025-05-0116111010.1007/s12672-025-02458-7Risk factors and prediction models for severe radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapyYi Liang0XiaoQin Wang1XunRen Shi2XinXiong Fei3Department of Head and Neck (Esophagus) Oncology, Huangshi Central Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University)Department of Head and Neck (Esophagus) Oncology, Huangshi Central Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University)Department of Head and Neck (Esophagus) Oncology, Huangshi Central Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University)Department of Head and Neck (Esophagus) Oncology, Huangshi Central Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University)Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with severe radiation-induced oral mucositis (SRIOM) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and to establish a prediction model for SRIOM. Methods A total of 262 NPC patients who underwent CRT were analyzed retrospectively, including 192 in the modeling group and 70 in the validation group. The modeling group was divided into the non-SRIOM group (n = 112) and the SRIOM group (n = 80), and the validation group was divided into the non-SRIOM group (n = 40) and the SRIOM group (n = 30) according to the presence of SRIOM. Univariate and multivariate logistic logistic analyses were performed on the clinical data and general characteristics of all patients to construct a prediction model for SRIOM in NPC patients. The practical efficacy of the prediction model was evaluated using Hosmer–Lemeshow test, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results BMI < 23.9 kg/m2, history of periodontal disease, history of alcohol consumption, history of smoking, non-use of oral mucosal protectants, and poor oral hygiene were independent risk factors for SRIOM in NPC patients. The prediction model showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.813 (95% CI 0.752–0.875). The prediction model demonstrated strong predictive accuracy and clinical utility, as evidenced by both calibration and DCA curves. Conclusion The SRIOM prediction model, developed from the clinical characteristics and general information of NPC patients, is beneficial in clinical practice for identifying high-risk SRIOM and creating tailored treatment plans.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02458-7Nasopharyngeal carcinomaSevere radiation-induced oral mucositisPrediction modelClinical application
spellingShingle Yi Liang
XiaoQin Wang
XunRen Shi
XinXiong Fei
Risk factors and prediction models for severe radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy
Discover Oncology
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Severe radiation-induced oral mucositis
Prediction model
Clinical application
title Risk factors and prediction models for severe radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy
title_full Risk factors and prediction models for severe radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy
title_fullStr Risk factors and prediction models for severe radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy
title_full_unstemmed Risk factors and prediction models for severe radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy
title_short Risk factors and prediction models for severe radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy
title_sort risk factors and prediction models for severe radiation induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy
topic Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Severe radiation-induced oral mucositis
Prediction model
Clinical application
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02458-7
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AT xunrenshi riskfactorsandpredictionmodelsforsevereradiationinducedoralmucositisinpatientswithnasopharyngealcarcinomaundergoingchemoradiotherapy
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