Alcohol Intoxication and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Patients with Head Trauma
Purpose Alcohol intoxication is commonly associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the influence of alcohol on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) on the GCS score in head trauma patients with alcohol in...
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| Language: | English |
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Korean Society of Traumatology
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Trauma and Injury |
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| Online Access: | http://www.jtraumainj.org/upload/pdf/jti-2020-0041.pdf |
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| author | Jisoo Park Taejin Park Jung-In Ko Woonhyung Yeo |
| author_facet | Jisoo Park Taejin Park Jung-In Ko Woonhyung Yeo |
| author_sort | Jisoo Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose Alcohol intoxication is commonly associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the influence of alcohol on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) on the GCS score in head trauma patients with alcohol intoxication. Methods In total, 369 head trauma patients with alcohol intoxication in a 1-year period were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent head computed tomography and had a BAC ≥80 mg/dL. Patients were divided into TBI and non-TBI groups. Brain injury severity was further classified using the head Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS). The effects according to 5 BAC groups were examined. Results The TBI group consisted of 64 patients (16.2%). The mean BAC was significantly higher in the non-TBI group (293.4±87.3 mg/dL) than in the TBI group (242.8±89.9 mg/dL). The mean GCS score was significantly lower in the TBI group (10.3±4.6) than in the non-TBI group (13.0±2.5). A higher BAC showed a significant association with a lower mean GCS score in the TBI group, but not in the non-TBI group. Above ≥150 mg/dL, higher BACs showed significant odds ratios for a lower GCS score. Conclusions The influence of alcohol in patients with head trauma depended on the presence of a brain injury. An association between a higher BAC and a lower GCS score was only observed in patients with TBI. Therefore, if a severe brain injury is suspected based on a GCS evaluation in patients with alcohol intoxication, prompt diagnosis and intensive care should be performed without delay. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bbfddfbbe5514a959a99e92bb69fa912 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1738-8767 2287-1683 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Korean Society of Traumatology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Trauma and Injury |
| spelling | doaj-art-bbfddfbbe5514a959a99e92bb69fa9122025-01-08T08:08:35ZengKorean Society of TraumatologyJournal of Trauma and Injury1738-87672287-16832020-12-0133422723510.20408/jti.2020.00411045Alcohol Intoxication and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Patients with Head TraumaJisoo Park0Taejin Park1Jung-In Ko2Woonhyung Yeo3 Department of Emergency Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Department of Emergency Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Department of Emergency Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Department of Emergency Medicine, Seongnam Citizens Medical Center, Seongnam, KoreaPurpose Alcohol intoxication is commonly associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the influence of alcohol on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) on the GCS score in head trauma patients with alcohol intoxication. Methods In total, 369 head trauma patients with alcohol intoxication in a 1-year period were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent head computed tomography and had a BAC ≥80 mg/dL. Patients were divided into TBI and non-TBI groups. Brain injury severity was further classified using the head Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS). The effects according to 5 BAC groups were examined. Results The TBI group consisted of 64 patients (16.2%). The mean BAC was significantly higher in the non-TBI group (293.4±87.3 mg/dL) than in the TBI group (242.8±89.9 mg/dL). The mean GCS score was significantly lower in the TBI group (10.3±4.6) than in the non-TBI group (13.0±2.5). A higher BAC showed a significant association with a lower mean GCS score in the TBI group, but not in the non-TBI group. Above ≥150 mg/dL, higher BACs showed significant odds ratios for a lower GCS score. Conclusions The influence of alcohol in patients with head trauma depended on the presence of a brain injury. An association between a higher BAC and a lower GCS score was only observed in patients with TBI. Therefore, if a severe brain injury is suspected based on a GCS evaluation in patients with alcohol intoxication, prompt diagnosis and intensive care should be performed without delay.http://www.jtraumainj.org/upload/pdf/jti-2020-0041.pdfalcoholstraumatic brain injuryglasgow coma scaleabbreviated injury scale |
| spellingShingle | Jisoo Park Taejin Park Jung-In Ko Woonhyung Yeo Alcohol Intoxication and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Patients with Head Trauma Journal of Trauma and Injury alcohols traumatic brain injury glasgow coma scale abbreviated injury scale |
| title | Alcohol Intoxication and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Patients with Head Trauma |
| title_full | Alcohol Intoxication and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Patients with Head Trauma |
| title_fullStr | Alcohol Intoxication and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Patients with Head Trauma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alcohol Intoxication and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Patients with Head Trauma |
| title_short | Alcohol Intoxication and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Patients with Head Trauma |
| title_sort | alcohol intoxication and glasgow coma scale scores in patients with head trauma |
| topic | alcohols traumatic brain injury glasgow coma scale abbreviated injury scale |
| url | http://www.jtraumainj.org/upload/pdf/jti-2020-0041.pdf |
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