Understanding the risk of diabetic retinopathy from glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a Mendelian randomization study and systematic review of European populations

Abstract Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are extensively prescribed to treat obesity and diabetes. However, previous studies have debated whether GLP-1RA use induces diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetic populations, and the relationship between the two is unclear. Met...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Baixuan Shen, Wanying Wang, Yuanhui Guo, Zilong Chen, Chuanxin Liu, Jiarui Huang, Ying Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01878-3
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