Progress in personalized immunotherapy for patients with brain metastasis

Progress in personalized immunotherapy for patients with brain metastasis

Abstract Brain metastasis leads to poor outcomes and CNS injury, significantly reducing quality of life and survival rates. Advances in understanding the tumor immune microenvironment have revealed the promise of immunotherapies, which, alongside surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, offer improved...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lalit Patel, Nikola Kolundzic, Malak Abedalthagafi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-01-01
Series:npj Precision Oncology
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41698-025-00812-0
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