The incidence and clinical significance of monoclonal and oligoclonal protein bands in multiple myeloma patients after BCMA–CAR‐T cell therapy: A retrospective study based on LEGEND‐2
Abstract The emergence of abnormal protein bands (APBs), also known as oligoclonal protein bands, has been documented in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, the incidence rate and clinical significance of APBs remain contentious. Few studies hav...
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Wiley
2024-11-01
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| Series: | HemaSphere |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/hem3.70054 |
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| author | Rui Liu Gongzhizi Gao Hongli Chen Ruijun Dong Wanggang Zhang Wanhong Zhao Jie Liu Jianli Wang Bo Lei Baiyan Wang Jiali Liu Xuezhu Xu Zujie Lin Ruoyu Yang Yiwen Wang Aili He Fangxia Wang Ju Bai |
| author_facet | Rui Liu Gongzhizi Gao Hongli Chen Ruijun Dong Wanggang Zhang Wanhong Zhao Jie Liu Jianli Wang Bo Lei Baiyan Wang Jiali Liu Xuezhu Xu Zujie Lin Ruoyu Yang Yiwen Wang Aili He Fangxia Wang Ju Bai |
| author_sort | Rui Liu |
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| description | Abstract The emergence of abnormal protein bands (APBs), also known as oligoclonal protein bands, has been documented in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, the incidence rate and clinical significance of APBs remain contentious. Few studies have explored the occurrence and prognostic implications of APBs in patients with MM treated with B‐cell maturation antigen (BCMA)–specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T therapy. In this retrospective study, we examined the frequency, isotypes, and duration of APBs, as well as their correlation with MM disease characteristics, treatment response, clinical outcomes, and immune signature in patients with relapsed/refractory MM who had received LCAR‐B38M therapy at the Xi'an site of the phase 1 LEGEND‐2 trial. Among 47 patients assessed, 23 (48.9%) developed APBs following CAR‐T therapy, with IgG being the most common isotype. The median onset and duration of APBs post‐CAR‐T infusion were 3.6 and 5.8 months, respectively. Patients with APBs demonstrated significantly improved response to LCAR‐B38M therapy, along with longer overall and progression‐free survival. Furthermore, those with APBs exhibited enhanced recovery rates of immunoglobulins and higher absolute counts of white blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes post‐CAR‐T treatment compared to those without APBs. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the percentages of various T‐cell subsets and natural killer cells. Overall, the presence of APBs in patients with MM following CAR‐T treatment was associated with deeper remission and a more favorable prognosis, suggesting a robust humoral response and subsequent immune reconstitution. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a02a12b7eb194cb58cbb2ee9e92e299f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2572-9241 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | HemaSphere |
| spelling | doaj-art-a02a12b7eb194cb58cbb2ee9e92e299f2024-11-26T10:54:29ZengWileyHemaSphere2572-92412024-11-01811n/an/a10.1002/hem3.70054The incidence and clinical significance of monoclonal and oligoclonal protein bands in multiple myeloma patients after BCMA–CAR‐T cell therapy: A retrospective study based on LEGEND‐2Rui Liu0Gongzhizi Gao1Hongli Chen2Ruijun Dong3Wanggang Zhang4Wanhong Zhao5Jie Liu6Jianli Wang7Bo Lei8Baiyan Wang9Jiali Liu10Xuezhu Xu11Zujie Lin12Ruoyu Yang13Yiwen Wang14Aili He15Fangxia Wang16Ju Bai17Department of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaDepartment of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi ChinaAbstract The emergence of abnormal protein bands (APBs), also known as oligoclonal protein bands, has been documented in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, the incidence rate and clinical significance of APBs remain contentious. Few studies have explored the occurrence and prognostic implications of APBs in patients with MM treated with B‐cell maturation antigen (BCMA)–specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T therapy. In this retrospective study, we examined the frequency, isotypes, and duration of APBs, as well as their correlation with MM disease characteristics, treatment response, clinical outcomes, and immune signature in patients with relapsed/refractory MM who had received LCAR‐B38M therapy at the Xi'an site of the phase 1 LEGEND‐2 trial. Among 47 patients assessed, 23 (48.9%) developed APBs following CAR‐T therapy, with IgG being the most common isotype. The median onset and duration of APBs post‐CAR‐T infusion were 3.6 and 5.8 months, respectively. Patients with APBs demonstrated significantly improved response to LCAR‐B38M therapy, along with longer overall and progression‐free survival. Furthermore, those with APBs exhibited enhanced recovery rates of immunoglobulins and higher absolute counts of white blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes post‐CAR‐T treatment compared to those without APBs. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the percentages of various T‐cell subsets and natural killer cells. Overall, the presence of APBs in patients with MM following CAR‐T treatment was associated with deeper remission and a more favorable prognosis, suggesting a robust humoral response and subsequent immune reconstitution.https://doi.org/10.1002/hem3.70054 |
| spellingShingle | Rui Liu Gongzhizi Gao Hongli Chen Ruijun Dong Wanggang Zhang Wanhong Zhao Jie Liu Jianli Wang Bo Lei Baiyan Wang Jiali Liu Xuezhu Xu Zujie Lin Ruoyu Yang Yiwen Wang Aili He Fangxia Wang Ju Bai The incidence and clinical significance of monoclonal and oligoclonal protein bands in multiple myeloma patients after BCMA–CAR‐T cell therapy: A retrospective study based on LEGEND‐2 HemaSphere |
| title | The incidence and clinical significance of monoclonal and oligoclonal protein bands in multiple myeloma patients after BCMA–CAR‐T cell therapy: A retrospective study based on LEGEND‐2 |
| title_full | The incidence and clinical significance of monoclonal and oligoclonal protein bands in multiple myeloma patients after BCMA–CAR‐T cell therapy: A retrospective study based on LEGEND‐2 |
| title_fullStr | The incidence and clinical significance of monoclonal and oligoclonal protein bands in multiple myeloma patients after BCMA–CAR‐T cell therapy: A retrospective study based on LEGEND‐2 |
| title_full_unstemmed | The incidence and clinical significance of monoclonal and oligoclonal protein bands in multiple myeloma patients after BCMA–CAR‐T cell therapy: A retrospective study based on LEGEND‐2 |
| title_short | The incidence and clinical significance of monoclonal and oligoclonal protein bands in multiple myeloma patients after BCMA–CAR‐T cell therapy: A retrospective study based on LEGEND‐2 |
| title_sort | incidence and clinical significance of monoclonal and oligoclonal protein bands in multiple myeloma patients after bcma car t cell therapy a retrospective study based on legend 2 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/hem3.70054 |
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