Developmental Exposures to Three Mammalian Teratogens Produce Dysmorphic Phenotypes in Adult <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>

Developmental Exposures to Three Mammalian Teratogens Produce Dysmorphic Phenotypes in Adult <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>

Efficient new methods are needed to support initiatives to reduce, refine, and/or replace toxicity testing in vertebrates. 5-fluorouracil (5FU), hydroxyurea (HU), and ribavirin (RV) are mammalian teratogens. Skeletal, endocrine organ, and cardiac effects are often associated with teratogenesis, and...

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Main Authors: Piper Reid Hunt, Martine Ferguson, Nicholas Olejnik, Jeffrey Yourick, Robert L. Sprando
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Toxics
Subjects:
teratogen
morphometry
developmental toxicity
chemical screening
alternative toxicity test method
small model organism
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/7/589
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