Human immunonodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: sero-prevalence, co-infection and risk factors among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Background: Published data on HIV, HBV, and HCV in correctional facilities in Nigeria is scarce. We set out to establish the seroprevalence, co-infection, and risk factors for these infections for the first time among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Methodology: In a cross-sectional study...
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The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2009-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| Online Access: | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/472 |
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| author | Moses P. Adoga Edmund B. Banwat Joseph C. Forbi Lohya Nimzing Christopher R. Pam Silas D. Gyar Yusuf A. Agabi Simon M. Agwale |
| author_facet | Moses P. Adoga Edmund B. Banwat Joseph C. Forbi Lohya Nimzing Christopher R. Pam Silas D. Gyar Yusuf A. Agabi Simon M. Agwale |
| author_sort | Moses P. Adoga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Published data on HIV, HBV, and HCV in correctional facilities in Nigeria is scarce. We set out to establish the seroprevalence, co-infection, and risk factors for these infections for the first time among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, Nigeria.
Methodology: In a cross-sectional study conducted between April and May, 2007, blood samples were collected from 300 male prisoners of a mean age of 29.2 years, in the state’s four medium-security prisons (overall population: 587). Prior to the study, ethical clearance and informed consent were obtained and structured questionnaires were administered. Samples were analyzed for HIV, HBsAg, and HCV using anti-HIV 1+2-EIA-avicenna, ShantestTM-HBsAg ELISA, and anti-HCV-EIA-avicenna, respectively. Specimens initially reactive for HIV were retested with vironostika microelisa. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.0. P values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: Of the 300 subjects, 54 (18.0 %), 69 (23.0 %), and 37 (12.3 %) tested positive for HIV, HBV, and HCV, respectively. Co-infections were eight (2.7 %) for HIV/HBV and two (0.7 %) for HBV/HCV. Those aged 21-26 years were more likely to be infected with HIV and HBV, while those aged 33-38 years had the highest HCV infection. Associated risk factors included duration in prison, previous incarceration (for HIV, HBV and HCV), intra-prison anal sex, multiple sex partners (for HIV and HBV), ignorance of transmission modes, blood transfusion, and alcohol consumption (for HBV and HCV). No inmate injected drugs.
Conclusions: The overall outcome represents the need for prison-focused intervention initiatives in Nigeria. Injected drug use is an unlikely major transmission mode among Nigerian inmates. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9c853632450241e9b06c3b51d76f2642 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1972-2680 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2009-08-01 |
| publisher | The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| spelling | doaj-art-9c853632450241e9b06c3b51d76f26422025-08-20T03:48:58ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802009-08-0130710.3855/jidc.472Human immunonodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: sero-prevalence, co-infection and risk factors among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, NigeriaMoses P. Adoga0Edmund B. Banwat1Joseph C. Forbi2Lohya Nimzing3Christopher R. Pam4Silas D. Gyar5Yusuf A. Agabi6Simon M. Agwale7Virology Department, Innovative Biotech Ltd, 1 Abdu Abubakar Street, GRA, P.O.Box 30, KeffiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of JosVirology Department, Innovative Biotech Ltd, 1 Abdu Abubakar Street, GRA, P.O.Box 30, KeffiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of JosVirology Department, Innovative Biotech Ltd, 1 Abdu Abubakar Street, GRA, P.O.Box 30, KeffiDepartment of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State UniversityDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of JosVirology Department, Innovative Biotech Ltd, 1 Abdu Abubakar Street, GRA, P.O.Box 30, KeffiBackground: Published data on HIV, HBV, and HCV in correctional facilities in Nigeria is scarce. We set out to establish the seroprevalence, co-infection, and risk factors for these infections for the first time among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Methodology: In a cross-sectional study conducted between April and May, 2007, blood samples were collected from 300 male prisoners of a mean age of 29.2 years, in the state’s four medium-security prisons (overall population: 587). Prior to the study, ethical clearance and informed consent were obtained and structured questionnaires were administered. Samples were analyzed for HIV, HBsAg, and HCV using anti-HIV 1+2-EIA-avicenna, ShantestTM-HBsAg ELISA, and anti-HCV-EIA-avicenna, respectively. Specimens initially reactive for HIV were retested with vironostika microelisa. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.0. P values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Of the 300 subjects, 54 (18.0 %), 69 (23.0 %), and 37 (12.3 %) tested positive for HIV, HBV, and HCV, respectively. Co-infections were eight (2.7 %) for HIV/HBV and two (0.7 %) for HBV/HCV. Those aged 21-26 years were more likely to be infected with HIV and HBV, while those aged 33-38 years had the highest HCV infection. Associated risk factors included duration in prison, previous incarceration (for HIV, HBV and HCV), intra-prison anal sex, multiple sex partners (for HIV and HBV), ignorance of transmission modes, blood transfusion, and alcohol consumption (for HBV and HCV). No inmate injected drugs. Conclusions: The overall outcome represents the need for prison-focused intervention initiatives in Nigeria. Injected drug use is an unlikely major transmission mode among Nigerian inmates.https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/472HIVHBVHCVco-infectionrisk factors |
| spellingShingle | Moses P. Adoga Edmund B. Banwat Joseph C. Forbi Lohya Nimzing Christopher R. Pam Silas D. Gyar Yusuf A. Agabi Simon M. Agwale Human immunonodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: sero-prevalence, co-infection and risk factors among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, Nigeria Journal of Infection in Developing Countries HIV HBV HCV co-infection risk factors |
| title | Human immunonodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: sero-prevalence, co-infection and risk factors among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, Nigeria |
| title_full | Human immunonodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: sero-prevalence, co-infection and risk factors among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Human immunonodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: sero-prevalence, co-infection and risk factors among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human immunonodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: sero-prevalence, co-infection and risk factors among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, Nigeria |
| title_short | Human immunonodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: sero-prevalence, co-infection and risk factors among prison inmates in Nasarawa State, Nigeria |
| title_sort | human immunonodeficiency virus hepatitis b virus and hepatitis c virus sero prevalence co infection and risk factors among prison inmates in nasarawa state nigeria |
| topic | HIV HBV HCV co-infection risk factors |
| url | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/472 |
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