Numerical analysis of Savonius hydrokinetic turbine performance in straight and curved channel configurations

The global shift towards renewable energy has driven research into efficient hydrokinetic energy harvesting, particularly using Savonius turbines for their simplicity and adaptability to low-flow environments. While previous studies have focused primarily on straight channels, the impact of channel...

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Main Authors: Shanegowda T G, Shashikumar C M, Veershetty Gumtapure, Vasudeva Madav
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:Energy Nexus
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772427125000233
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author Shanegowda T G
Shashikumar C M
Veershetty Gumtapure
Vasudeva Madav
author_facet Shanegowda T G
Shashikumar C M
Veershetty Gumtapure
Vasudeva Madav
author_sort Shanegowda T G
collection DOAJ
description The global shift towards renewable energy has driven research into efficient hydrokinetic energy harvesting, particularly using Savonius turbines for their simplicity and adaptability to low-flow environments. While previous studies have focused primarily on straight channels, the impact of channel bends, commonly found in agricultural canals, rivers, and irrigation channels, remains underexplored. The present 3D transient numerical study addresses this gap by investigating the performance of Savonius hydrokinetic turbines in channels with 30°, 60°, and 90° bends, evaluating their efficiency under varying flow conditions. The research aims to evaluate the impact of these channel bends on key performance parameters such as the tip speed ratio (TSR), torque coefficient (CT) and power coefficient (CP), supported by detailed pressure and velocity contour analyses. The turbine positioned in the 30° bend emerged as the most efficient configuration, achieving a CTmax of 0.29 at 0.7 TSR and CPmax of 0.24 at 1.0 TSR. The 60° and 90° bends exhibited efficiency reductions of 15 % and 30 %, respectively, due to adverse pressure gradients and increased turbulence. Velocity contour plots demonstrated reduced wake regions and optimized flow reattachment for the 30° bend, while pressure contour analysis indicated lower drag forces on the advancing blades. This study highlights the potential of using Savonius turbines in agricultural channels, recommending the 30° bend as the optimal channel configuration to maximize turbine efficiency, providing a sustainable solution for energy generation in rural and low-flow environments.
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publishDate 2025-03-01
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spelling doaj-art-9c6f9a076d2d4b67b4c0583c03ec8f492025-08-20T03:42:55ZengElsevierEnergy Nexus2772-42712025-03-011710038210.1016/j.nexus.2025.100382Numerical analysis of Savonius hydrokinetic turbine performance in straight and curved channel configurationsShanegowda T G0Shashikumar C M1Veershetty Gumtapure2Vasudeva Madav3Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575025, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575025, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575025, India; Corresponding author at: Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575025, India.The global shift towards renewable energy has driven research into efficient hydrokinetic energy harvesting, particularly using Savonius turbines for their simplicity and adaptability to low-flow environments. While previous studies have focused primarily on straight channels, the impact of channel bends, commonly found in agricultural canals, rivers, and irrigation channels, remains underexplored. The present 3D transient numerical study addresses this gap by investigating the performance of Savonius hydrokinetic turbines in channels with 30°, 60°, and 90° bends, evaluating their efficiency under varying flow conditions. The research aims to evaluate the impact of these channel bends on key performance parameters such as the tip speed ratio (TSR), torque coefficient (CT) and power coefficient (CP), supported by detailed pressure and velocity contour analyses. The turbine positioned in the 30° bend emerged as the most efficient configuration, achieving a CTmax of 0.29 at 0.7 TSR and CPmax of 0.24 at 1.0 TSR. The 60° and 90° bends exhibited efficiency reductions of 15 % and 30 %, respectively, due to adverse pressure gradients and increased turbulence. Velocity contour plots demonstrated reduced wake regions and optimized flow reattachment for the 30° bend, while pressure contour analysis indicated lower drag forces on the advancing blades. This study highlights the potential of using Savonius turbines in agricultural channels, recommending the 30° bend as the optimal channel configuration to maximize turbine efficiency, providing a sustainable solution for energy generation in rural and low-flow environments.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772427125000233Hydrokinetic TurbinePower coefficientTorque coefficientTip speed ratioChannel bend
spellingShingle Shanegowda T G
Shashikumar C M
Veershetty Gumtapure
Vasudeva Madav
Numerical analysis of Savonius hydrokinetic turbine performance in straight and curved channel configurations
Energy Nexus
Hydrokinetic Turbine
Power coefficient
Torque coefficient
Tip speed ratio
Channel bend
title Numerical analysis of Savonius hydrokinetic turbine performance in straight and curved channel configurations
title_full Numerical analysis of Savonius hydrokinetic turbine performance in straight and curved channel configurations
title_fullStr Numerical analysis of Savonius hydrokinetic turbine performance in straight and curved channel configurations
title_full_unstemmed Numerical analysis of Savonius hydrokinetic turbine performance in straight and curved channel configurations
title_short Numerical analysis of Savonius hydrokinetic turbine performance in straight and curved channel configurations
title_sort numerical analysis of savonius hydrokinetic turbine performance in straight and curved channel configurations
topic Hydrokinetic Turbine
Power coefficient
Torque coefficient
Tip speed ratio
Channel bend
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772427125000233
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AT shashikumarcm numericalanalysisofsavoniushydrokineticturbineperformanceinstraightandcurvedchannelconfigurations
AT veershettygumtapure numericalanalysisofsavoniushydrokineticturbineperformanceinstraightandcurvedchannelconfigurations
AT vasudevamadav numericalanalysisofsavoniushydrokineticturbineperformanceinstraightandcurvedchannelconfigurations