Treatment of metronidazole pharmaceutical wastewater using pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation combined with electro-Fenton process

The aim of this study was to investigate the metronidazole (MNZ) degradation and real MNZ pharmaceutical wastewater treatment in the pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation (PSPC) process. Different pulsed switching frequencies and running times of H2O2 and Fe2+ productions were tested in the PSPC proce...

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Main Authors: Yongjun Liao, Yongbei Ye, Xindi Chen, Haoran Xin, Shuyue Ma, Songwei Lin, Haiping Luo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2024-01-01
Series:Water Cycle
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266644532400014X
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author Yongjun Liao
Yongbei Ye
Xindi Chen
Haoran Xin
Shuyue Ma
Songwei Lin
Haiping Luo
author_facet Yongjun Liao
Yongbei Ye
Xindi Chen
Haoran Xin
Shuyue Ma
Songwei Lin
Haiping Luo
author_sort Yongjun Liao
collection DOAJ
description The aim of this study was to investigate the metronidazole (MNZ) degradation and real MNZ pharmaceutical wastewater treatment in the pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation (PSPC) process. Different pulsed switching frequencies and running times of H2O2 and Fe2+ productions were tested in the PSPC process. Results demonstrated that MNZ removal of 96.9 ± 1.2 % was realized in the PSPC process with a 200 mg/L MNZ and 0.1 M Na2SO4 solution within 80 min under a pulsed switching frequency of 6s: 1s and a current density of 20 mA/cm2 (H2O2) and 20 mA/cm2 (Fe2+). High MNZ removal could be attributed to efficient •OH production with the highest •OH concentration reached 321 ± 15 μM in the PSPC process. The hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of MNZ were sequentially oxidated by •OH and mineralized based on seven identified intermediates during the MNZ degradation. However, only 56.9 ± 6.7 % of COD was removed in the real MNZ wastewater treatment by the PSPC process within 90 min. A PSPC combined with electro-Fenton (EF) process was developed to enhance the COD removal in the MNZ wastewater. With MNZ wastewater as electrolytes, 3.3 ± 0.3 g/L of H2O2 was produced in a conventional EF reactor. The final COD removal reached 86–90 % using the mixture of effluent from the PSPC, the anode, and cathode chambers of the EF reactor, resulting in less than 80 mg/L COD in the effluent. Results from this study should provide a useful way to enhance real MNZ pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2666-4453
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
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spelling doaj-art-94b52454525d46b4a05653468be1ba722024-12-06T05:14:47ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Water Cycle2666-44532024-01-015167175Treatment of metronidazole pharmaceutical wastewater using pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation combined with electro-Fenton processYongjun Liao0Yongbei Ye1Xindi Chen2Haoran Xin3Shuyue Ma4Songwei Lin5Haiping Luo6Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, ChinaCorresponding author.; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, ChinaThe aim of this study was to investigate the metronidazole (MNZ) degradation and real MNZ pharmaceutical wastewater treatment in the pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation (PSPC) process. Different pulsed switching frequencies and running times of H2O2 and Fe2+ productions were tested in the PSPC process. Results demonstrated that MNZ removal of 96.9 ± 1.2 % was realized in the PSPC process with a 200 mg/L MNZ and 0.1 M Na2SO4 solution within 80 min under a pulsed switching frequency of 6s: 1s and a current density of 20 mA/cm2 (H2O2) and 20 mA/cm2 (Fe2+). High MNZ removal could be attributed to efficient •OH production with the highest •OH concentration reached 321 ± 15 μM in the PSPC process. The hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of MNZ were sequentially oxidated by •OH and mineralized based on seven identified intermediates during the MNZ degradation. However, only 56.9 ± 6.7 % of COD was removed in the real MNZ wastewater treatment by the PSPC process within 90 min. A PSPC combined with electro-Fenton (EF) process was developed to enhance the COD removal in the MNZ wastewater. With MNZ wastewater as electrolytes, 3.3 ± 0.3 g/L of H2O2 was produced in a conventional EF reactor. The final COD removal reached 86–90 % using the mixture of effluent from the PSPC, the anode, and cathode chambers of the EF reactor, resulting in less than 80 mg/L COD in the effluent. Results from this study should provide a useful way to enhance real MNZ pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266644532400014XPharmaceutical wastewaterMetronidazolePulsed switching peroxi-coagulationElectro-FentonCOD removal
spellingShingle Yongjun Liao
Yongbei Ye
Xindi Chen
Haoran Xin
Shuyue Ma
Songwei Lin
Haiping Luo
Treatment of metronidazole pharmaceutical wastewater using pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation combined with electro-Fenton process
Water Cycle
Pharmaceutical wastewater
Metronidazole
Pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation
Electro-Fenton
COD removal
title Treatment of metronidazole pharmaceutical wastewater using pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation combined with electro-Fenton process
title_full Treatment of metronidazole pharmaceutical wastewater using pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation combined with electro-Fenton process
title_fullStr Treatment of metronidazole pharmaceutical wastewater using pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation combined with electro-Fenton process
title_full_unstemmed Treatment of metronidazole pharmaceutical wastewater using pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation combined with electro-Fenton process
title_short Treatment of metronidazole pharmaceutical wastewater using pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation combined with electro-Fenton process
title_sort treatment of metronidazole pharmaceutical wastewater using pulsed switching peroxi coagulation combined with electro fenton process
topic Pharmaceutical wastewater
Metronidazole
Pulsed switching peroxi-coagulation
Electro-Fenton
COD removal
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266644532400014X
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