Making stereopsis related to the ability of ocular deviation: a new paradigm for assessment of intermittent exotropia
AIM: To investigate the underlying factors by establishing a new paradigm for assessing control ability under stereopsis testing conditions. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study. We evaluated the control ability of intermittent exotropia (IXT) patients in three conditions: natural 2D...
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Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS)
2025-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Ophthalmology |
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| Online Access: | http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/2/20250215.pdf |
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| author | Jian-Bing Li Wan-Ting Kong Tao Shen Yong-Guang Yuan Chong-Lin Chen Dan-Min Peng Min-Tong Liang Xuan He Dan Luo Jia-Yi Su Wei Wang Rui-Xin Wang Xin-Ping Yu |
| author_facet | Jian-Bing Li Wan-Ting Kong Tao Shen Yong-Guang Yuan Chong-Lin Chen Dan-Min Peng Min-Tong Liang Xuan He Dan Luo Jia-Yi Su Wei Wang Rui-Xin Wang Xin-Ping Yu |
| author_sort | Jian-Bing Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | AIM: To investigate the underlying factors by establishing a new paradigm for assessing control ability under stereopsis testing conditions. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study. We evaluated the control ability of intermittent exotropia (IXT) patients in three conditions: natural 2D optotype viewing, 2D optotype viewing with polarized glasses, and 3D optotype viewing with polarized glasses. Recording with a smartphone, we captured videos to analyze the accurate time of spontaneous exodeviation and subsequent realignment before and after breaking fusion. Additionally, the correlation of stereopsis were also analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 48 patients (age range: 4-33y; 54.17% male) participated in the study. When viewing 3D optotypes with polarized glasses, their median control scores were 1 (interquartile range, 0-4) at distance and 0 (0-1) at near. These scores were significantly better than those observed under natural viewing conditions, which were 2.5 (1-5) at a distance and 1 (0-3) at near (Friedman test, P=0.049). Furthermore, those subjects who exhibited exophoria (realignment within 2 seconds) while viewing 3D optotypes with polarized glasses were more likely to have measurable stereo vision (Kendall's τb=-0.344, P=0.018). CONCLUSION: IXT patients exhibit enhanced control ability when using polarized glasses to view 3D optotypes, notably improving realignment capabilities. This expands our understanding of current tests and offers a potentially sensitive method for assessing IXT severity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8eb25ac4148c403e9e0a598db7a139c8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2222-3959 2227-4898 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-8eb25ac4148c403e9e0a598db7a139c82025-01-16T07:54:35ZengPress of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS)International Journal of Ophthalmology2222-39592227-48982025-02-0118230831410.18240/ijo.2025.02.1520250215Making stereopsis related to the ability of ocular deviation: a new paradigm for assessment of intermittent exotropiaJian-Bing Li0Wan-Ting Kong1Tao Shen2Yong-Guang Yuan3Chong-Lin Chen4Dan-Min Peng5Min-Tong Liang6Xuan He7Dan Luo8Jia-Yi Su9Wei Wang10Rui-Xin Wang11Xin-Ping Yu12Xin-Ping Yu and Rui-Xin Wang. State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong Province, China. yuxp@mail.sysu.edu.cn; ruiruiw413@aliyun.comGuangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong Province, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong Province, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong Province, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong Province, ChinaGuangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong Province, ChinaGuangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong Province, ChinaGuangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong Province, ChinaGuangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong Province, ChinaGuangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong Province, ChinaGuangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong Province, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong Province, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong Province, ChinaAIM: To investigate the underlying factors by establishing a new paradigm for assessing control ability under stereopsis testing conditions. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study. We evaluated the control ability of intermittent exotropia (IXT) patients in three conditions: natural 2D optotype viewing, 2D optotype viewing with polarized glasses, and 3D optotype viewing with polarized glasses. Recording with a smartphone, we captured videos to analyze the accurate time of spontaneous exodeviation and subsequent realignment before and after breaking fusion. Additionally, the correlation of stereopsis were also analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 48 patients (age range: 4-33y; 54.17% male) participated in the study. When viewing 3D optotypes with polarized glasses, their median control scores were 1 (interquartile range, 0-4) at distance and 0 (0-1) at near. These scores were significantly better than those observed under natural viewing conditions, which were 2.5 (1-5) at a distance and 1 (0-3) at near (Friedman test, P=0.049). Furthermore, those subjects who exhibited exophoria (realignment within 2 seconds) while viewing 3D optotypes with polarized glasses were more likely to have measurable stereo vision (Kendall's τb=-0.344, P=0.018). CONCLUSION: IXT patients exhibit enhanced control ability when using polarized glasses to view 3D optotypes, notably improving realignment capabilities. This expands our understanding of current tests and offers a potentially sensitive method for assessing IXT severity.http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/2/20250215.pdfintermittent exotropiastereopsiscontrol ability |
| spellingShingle | Jian-Bing Li Wan-Ting Kong Tao Shen Yong-Guang Yuan Chong-Lin Chen Dan-Min Peng Min-Tong Liang Xuan He Dan Luo Jia-Yi Su Wei Wang Rui-Xin Wang Xin-Ping Yu Making stereopsis related to the ability of ocular deviation: a new paradigm for assessment of intermittent exotropia International Journal of Ophthalmology intermittent exotropia stereopsis control ability |
| title | Making stereopsis related to the ability of ocular deviation: a new paradigm for assessment of intermittent exotropia |
| title_full | Making stereopsis related to the ability of ocular deviation: a new paradigm for assessment of intermittent exotropia |
| title_fullStr | Making stereopsis related to the ability of ocular deviation: a new paradigm for assessment of intermittent exotropia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Making stereopsis related to the ability of ocular deviation: a new paradigm for assessment of intermittent exotropia |
| title_short | Making stereopsis related to the ability of ocular deviation: a new paradigm for assessment of intermittent exotropia |
| title_sort | making stereopsis related to the ability of ocular deviation a new paradigm for assessment of intermittent exotropia |
| topic | intermittent exotropia stereopsis control ability |
| url | http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/2/20250215.pdf |
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