Surface Display of Avian H5 and H9 Hemagglutinin Antigens on Non-Genetically Modified <i>Lactobacillus</i> Cells for Bivalent Oral AIV Vaccine Development

A novel bivalent oral vaccine candidate against H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) was developed using <i>Lactobacillus</i> surface display technology without genetic modification. The hemagglutinin subunit 1 (HA1) antigens from both subtypes were fused to the surface layer-bindin...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Fuyi Liu, Jingbo Chang, Jingqi Huang, Yuping Liao, Xiaonan Deng, Tingting Guo, Jian Kong, Wentao Kong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Microorganisms
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/7/1649
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