Impact of smoking and physical activity on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes across steatotic liver disease categories

Impact of smoking and physical activity on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes across steatotic liver disease categories

Abstract This study investigated the effect of smoking and regular physical activity (PA) on the composite risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) across different steatotic liver disease (SLD) categories. We analyzed data for 1,921,310 patients with T2D...

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Main Authors: So Hyun Cho, Gyuri Kim, Kyu-na Lee, Rosa Oh, Ji Yoon Kim, Myunghwa Jang, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Kyungdo Han, Jae Hyeon Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Alcohol drinking
Cardiovascular diseases
Diabetes mellitus
Exercise
Fatty liver
Smoking
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16750-7
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16750-7

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