Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Potential of PLOD1 as a Prognostic and Immune Biomarker for Human Cancer
<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1) is known as an enhancer of collagen fiber deposition and cross-linking stability. However, there is limited information on its function in tumors. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the function an...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Zhao Zhai Shuo Wang Yudong Cao Jia Liu Qiang Zhao Yongpeng Ji Xiao Yang Xingxing Tang Jinchao Ma Peng Du |
| author_facet | Zhao Zhai Shuo Wang Yudong Cao Jia Liu Qiang Zhao Yongpeng Ji Xiao Yang Xingxing Tang Jinchao Ma Peng Du |
| author_sort | Zhao Zhai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1) is known as an enhancer of collagen fiber deposition and cross-linking stability. However, there is limited information on its function in tumors. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the function and potential mechanism of action of PLOD1 across cancers. <b>Methods:</b> We assessed the pan-cancer expression, mutation, methylation and prognostic value of PLOD1 through multiple online databases. In addition, we performed correlation analyses of its immunological features, as well as functional assessment analyses of PLOD1. Finally, we assessed the effect of PLOD1 knockdown on bladder tumor cells using in vitro experiments. <b>Results:</b> Our findings suggest that PLOD1 is aberrantly expressed in multiple cancer types, accompanied by a poor prognosis. Epigenetic alterations in PLOD1 are highly heterogeneous across a wide range of tumors, and aberrant methylation and copy number variants correlate with a poor prognosis. In the tumor microenvironment, PLOD1 expression correlated positively with the infiltration level of various immunosuppressive cells (e.g., monocytes, macrophages and tumor-associated fibroblasts) and negatively with immune-killing cells (e.g., CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, B cells and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells). In addition, PLOD1 expression was associated with immune checkpoints and immunomodulatory genes. Finally, in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of PLOD1 reduced the proliferation, migration and antiapoptotic abilities of T24 cells. <b>Conclusions:</b> The results of this study demonstrate that PLOD1 is a potential oncogene and prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer; tumor tissues with high PLOD1 expression reveal a relatively immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-827fa4df82d945dfb8a7d69d36f7b65d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-827fa4df82d945dfb8a7d69d36f7b65d2024-12-27T14:12:25ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592024-11-011212265310.3390/biomedicines12122653Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Potential of PLOD1 as a Prognostic and Immune Biomarker for Human CancerZhao Zhai0Shuo Wang1Yudong Cao2Jia Liu3Qiang Zhao4Yongpeng Ji5Xiao Yang6Xingxing Tang7Jinchao Ma8Peng Du9Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100089, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100089, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100089, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100089, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100089, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100089, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100089, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100089, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100089, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100089, China<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1) is known as an enhancer of collagen fiber deposition and cross-linking stability. However, there is limited information on its function in tumors. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the function and potential mechanism of action of PLOD1 across cancers. <b>Methods:</b> We assessed the pan-cancer expression, mutation, methylation and prognostic value of PLOD1 through multiple online databases. In addition, we performed correlation analyses of its immunological features, as well as functional assessment analyses of PLOD1. Finally, we assessed the effect of PLOD1 knockdown on bladder tumor cells using in vitro experiments. <b>Results:</b> Our findings suggest that PLOD1 is aberrantly expressed in multiple cancer types, accompanied by a poor prognosis. Epigenetic alterations in PLOD1 are highly heterogeneous across a wide range of tumors, and aberrant methylation and copy number variants correlate with a poor prognosis. In the tumor microenvironment, PLOD1 expression correlated positively with the infiltration level of various immunosuppressive cells (e.g., monocytes, macrophages and tumor-associated fibroblasts) and negatively with immune-killing cells (e.g., CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, B cells and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells). In addition, PLOD1 expression was associated with immune checkpoints and immunomodulatory genes. Finally, in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of PLOD1 reduced the proliferation, migration and antiapoptotic abilities of T24 cells. <b>Conclusions:</b> The results of this study demonstrate that PLOD1 is a potential oncogene and prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer; tumor tissues with high PLOD1 expression reveal a relatively immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/12/2653PLOD1pan-cancer analysisbiomarker |
| spellingShingle | Zhao Zhai Shuo Wang Yudong Cao Jia Liu Qiang Zhao Yongpeng Ji Xiao Yang Xingxing Tang Jinchao Ma Peng Du Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Potential of PLOD1 as a Prognostic and Immune Biomarker for Human Cancer Biomedicines PLOD1 pan-cancer analysis biomarker |
| title | Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Potential of PLOD1 as a Prognostic and Immune Biomarker for Human Cancer |
| title_full | Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Potential of PLOD1 as a Prognostic and Immune Biomarker for Human Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Potential of PLOD1 as a Prognostic and Immune Biomarker for Human Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Potential of PLOD1 as a Prognostic and Immune Biomarker for Human Cancer |
| title_short | Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Potential of PLOD1 as a Prognostic and Immune Biomarker for Human Cancer |
| title_sort | pan cancer analysis reveals the potential of plod1 as a prognostic and immune biomarker for human cancer |
| topic | PLOD1 pan-cancer analysis biomarker |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/12/2653 |
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