Mortality predicting models for patients with infective endocarditis: a machine learning approach

Abstract Background Infective endocarditis (IE) is a fatal cardiovascular disease with varied clinical manifestations but rapid progression. A series of existing risk models helped identify IE patients with high risk, but the imperfect predictive performance and limited application called for better...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yang Zi-yang, Wang Qi, Xingyan Liu, Haolin Li, Shouhong Wang, Danqing Yu, Xuebiao Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03025-4
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Abstract Background Infective endocarditis (IE) is a fatal cardiovascular disease with varied clinical manifestations but rapid progression. A series of existing risk models helped identify IE patients with high risk, but the imperfect predictive performance and limited application called for better predictive systems. Methods The single-centered, retrospective observational study applied four machine learning methods for predictive model construction: LASSO logistic regression, random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and k-nearest neighbors (KNN). A 10-fold cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) was used for performance evaluation. Results A total of 1705 patients with IE were enrolled in the study, with 119 in-hospital deaths and 178 deaths after 6-month follow-up. RF achieved the highest AUC-ROCs for in-hospital and six-month mortality prediction (in-hospital: 0.83, 6-month: 0.85). RF was also applied to assess variable importance. The following variables were selected by RF as top important predictors for both in-hospital and six-month mortality prediction: total bilirubin, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, albumin, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, uric acid, and age. Conclusions A risk model with machine learning approach was integrated in purpose of prognosis prediction in IE patients, helping rapid risk stratification and in-time management clinically. Clinical trial number Not applicable.
ISSN:1472-6947