Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference to explore vancomycin’s impact on continuous kidney replacement therapy necessity in blood culture-positive intensive care unit patients
ABSTRACT Patients with positive blood cultures in the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk for septic acute kidney injury requiring continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT), especially when treated with vancomycin. This study developed a machine learning model to predict CKRT and examined...
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American Society for Microbiology
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02662-24 |
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| author | Min Woo Kang Yoonjin Kang |
| author_facet | Min Woo Kang Yoonjin Kang |
| author_sort | Min Woo Kang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Patients with positive blood cultures in the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk for septic acute kidney injury requiring continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT), especially when treated with vancomycin. This study developed a machine learning model to predict CKRT and examined vancomycin’s impact using deep learning-based causal inference. We analyzed ICU patients with positive blood cultures, utilizing the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III data set. The primary outcome was defined as the initiation of CKRT during the ICU stay. The machine learning models were developed to predict the outcome. The deep learning-based causal inference model was utilized to quantitatively demonstrate the impact of vancomycin on the probability of CKRT initiation. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between the variables and the susceptibility of vancomycin. A total of 1,318 patients were included in the analysis, with 41 requiring CKRT. The Random Forest and Light Gradient Boosting Machine exhibited the best performance, with Area Under Curve of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve values of 0.905 and 0.886, respectively. The deep learning-based causal inference model demonstrated an average 7.7% increase in the probability of CKRT occurrence when administrating vancomycin in total data set. Additionally, that younger age, lower diastolic blood pressure, higher heart rate, higher baseline creatinine, and lower bicarbonate levels sensitized the probability of CKRT application in response to vancomycin treatment. Deep learning-based causal inference models showed that vancomycin administration increases CKRT risk, identifying specific patient characteristics associated with higher susceptibility.IMPORTANCEThis study assesses the impact of vancomycin on the risk of continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with blood culture-positive infections. Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference and machine learning models, the research quantifies how vancomycin administration increases CKRT risk by an average of 7.7%. Key variables influencing susceptibility include baseline creatinine, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and bicarbonate levels. These findings offer insights into managing vancomycin-induced kidney risk and may inform patient-specific treatment strategies in ICU settings. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-77e1f88302d04c6f85ae785299692d90 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj-art-77e1f88302d04c6f85ae785299692d902025-01-07T14:05:19ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972025-01-0113110.1128/spectrum.02662-24Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference to explore vancomycin’s impact on continuous kidney replacement therapy necessity in blood culture-positive intensive care unit patientsMin Woo Kang0Yoonjin Kang1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaABSTRACT Patients with positive blood cultures in the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk for septic acute kidney injury requiring continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT), especially when treated with vancomycin. This study developed a machine learning model to predict CKRT and examined vancomycin’s impact using deep learning-based causal inference. We analyzed ICU patients with positive blood cultures, utilizing the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III data set. The primary outcome was defined as the initiation of CKRT during the ICU stay. The machine learning models were developed to predict the outcome. The deep learning-based causal inference model was utilized to quantitatively demonstrate the impact of vancomycin on the probability of CKRT initiation. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between the variables and the susceptibility of vancomycin. A total of 1,318 patients were included in the analysis, with 41 requiring CKRT. The Random Forest and Light Gradient Boosting Machine exhibited the best performance, with Area Under Curve of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve values of 0.905 and 0.886, respectively. The deep learning-based causal inference model demonstrated an average 7.7% increase in the probability of CKRT occurrence when administrating vancomycin in total data set. Additionally, that younger age, lower diastolic blood pressure, higher heart rate, higher baseline creatinine, and lower bicarbonate levels sensitized the probability of CKRT application in response to vancomycin treatment. Deep learning-based causal inference models showed that vancomycin administration increases CKRT risk, identifying specific patient characteristics associated with higher susceptibility.IMPORTANCEThis study assesses the impact of vancomycin on the risk of continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with blood culture-positive infections. Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference and machine learning models, the research quantifies how vancomycin administration increases CKRT risk by an average of 7.7%. Key variables influencing susceptibility include baseline creatinine, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and bicarbonate levels. These findings offer insights into managing vancomycin-induced kidney risk and may inform patient-specific treatment strategies in ICU settings.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02662-24blood culture positivecontinuous kidney replacement therapyvancomycinmachine learningdeep learningcausal inference |
| spellingShingle | Min Woo Kang Yoonjin Kang Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference to explore vancomycin’s impact on continuous kidney replacement therapy necessity in blood culture-positive intensive care unit patients Microbiology Spectrum blood culture positive continuous kidney replacement therapy vancomycin machine learning deep learning causal inference |
| title | Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference to explore vancomycin’s impact on continuous kidney replacement therapy necessity in blood culture-positive intensive care unit patients |
| title_full | Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference to explore vancomycin’s impact on continuous kidney replacement therapy necessity in blood culture-positive intensive care unit patients |
| title_fullStr | Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference to explore vancomycin’s impact on continuous kidney replacement therapy necessity in blood culture-positive intensive care unit patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference to explore vancomycin’s impact on continuous kidney replacement therapy necessity in blood culture-positive intensive care unit patients |
| title_short | Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference to explore vancomycin’s impact on continuous kidney replacement therapy necessity in blood culture-positive intensive care unit patients |
| title_sort | utilizing deep learning based causal inference to explore vancomycin s impact on continuous kidney replacement therapy necessity in blood culture positive intensive care unit patients |
| topic | blood culture positive continuous kidney replacement therapy vancomycin machine learning deep learning causal inference |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02662-24 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT minwookang utilizingdeeplearningbasedcausalinferencetoexplorevancomycinsimpactoncontinuouskidneyreplacementtherapynecessityinbloodculturepositiveintensivecareunitpatients AT yoonjinkang utilizingdeeplearningbasedcausalinferencetoexplorevancomycinsimpactoncontinuouskidneyreplacementtherapynecessityinbloodculturepositiveintensivecareunitpatients |