Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Bile Acid Metabolism and Hormonal Dysregulation in Letrozole-Induced PCOS Mice
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) involves complex genetic, metabolic, endocrine, and environmental factors. This study explores the effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in a letrozole-induced PCOS mouse model, focusing on metabolic regulation. Letrozole-induced aromatase inhibition elevated...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Caifang Ren Shuang Zhang Jianyu Ma Junjie Huang Pan Huang Mingzi Qu Haoyue Zhao Zhengrong Zhou Aihua Gong |
| author_facet | Caifang Ren Shuang Zhang Jianyu Ma Junjie Huang Pan Huang Mingzi Qu Haoyue Zhao Zhengrong Zhou Aihua Gong |
| author_sort | Caifang Ren |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) involves complex genetic, metabolic, endocrine, and environmental factors. This study explores the effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in a letrozole-induced PCOS mouse model, focusing on metabolic regulation. Letrozole-induced aromatase inhibition elevated androgen and reduced bile acid levels, linking liver dysfunction and gut imbalance to PCOS. Letrozole-treated mice exhibited disrupted estrous cycles, ovarian congestion, and elevated testosterone. NMN intervention alleviated hyperandrogenism, ovarian abnormalities, and bile acid decline but did not fully restore the estrous cycle or improve lipid profiles. Metabolomic analysis showed that NMN partially reversed bile acid and lipid metabolism disturbances. These findings highlight NMN’s protective role in reducing hyperandrogenism and ovarian cyst formation. However, effective PCOS treatment should target liver and gut metabolism, not just ovarian symptoms, to mitigate systemic effects. Bile acid dysregulation may play a key role in PCOS progression and warrants further investigation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-770b942f700c41c99fdcc5e37aad6753 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-770b942f700c41c99fdcc5e37aad67532024-12-27T14:12:04ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372024-12-011312102810.3390/biology13121028Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Bile Acid Metabolism and Hormonal Dysregulation in Letrozole-Induced PCOS MiceCaifang Ren0Shuang Zhang1Jianyu Ma2Junjie Huang3Pan Huang4Mingzi Qu5Haoyue Zhao6Zhengrong Zhou7Aihua Gong8School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) involves complex genetic, metabolic, endocrine, and environmental factors. This study explores the effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in a letrozole-induced PCOS mouse model, focusing on metabolic regulation. Letrozole-induced aromatase inhibition elevated androgen and reduced bile acid levels, linking liver dysfunction and gut imbalance to PCOS. Letrozole-treated mice exhibited disrupted estrous cycles, ovarian congestion, and elevated testosterone. NMN intervention alleviated hyperandrogenism, ovarian abnormalities, and bile acid decline but did not fully restore the estrous cycle or improve lipid profiles. Metabolomic analysis showed that NMN partially reversed bile acid and lipid metabolism disturbances. These findings highlight NMN’s protective role in reducing hyperandrogenism and ovarian cyst formation. However, effective PCOS treatment should target liver and gut metabolism, not just ovarian symptoms, to mitigate systemic effects. Bile acid dysregulation may play a key role in PCOS progression and warrants further investigation.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/12/1028PCOSandrogensbile acidsNMNmetabolomics |
| spellingShingle | Caifang Ren Shuang Zhang Jianyu Ma Junjie Huang Pan Huang Mingzi Qu Haoyue Zhao Zhengrong Zhou Aihua Gong Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Bile Acid Metabolism and Hormonal Dysregulation in Letrozole-Induced PCOS Mice Biology PCOS androgens bile acids NMN metabolomics |
| title | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Bile Acid Metabolism and Hormonal Dysregulation in Letrozole-Induced PCOS Mice |
| title_full | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Bile Acid Metabolism and Hormonal Dysregulation in Letrozole-Induced PCOS Mice |
| title_fullStr | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Bile Acid Metabolism and Hormonal Dysregulation in Letrozole-Induced PCOS Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Bile Acid Metabolism and Hormonal Dysregulation in Letrozole-Induced PCOS Mice |
| title_short | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Bile Acid Metabolism and Hormonal Dysregulation in Letrozole-Induced PCOS Mice |
| title_sort | nicotinamide mononucleotide alleviates bile acid metabolism and hormonal dysregulation in letrozole induced pcos mice |
| topic | PCOS androgens bile acids NMN metabolomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/12/1028 |
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