Replication kinetics, pathogenicity and virus-induced cellular responses of cattle-origin influenza A(H5N1) isolates from Texas, United States
The host range of HPAIV H5N1 was recently expanded to include ruminants, particularly dairy cattle in the United States (US). Shortly after, human H5N1 infection was reported in a dairy worker in Texas following exposure to infected cattle. Herein, we rescued the cattle-origin influenza A/bovine/Tex...
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2024.2447614 |
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| author | Ahmed Mostafa Ramya S. Barre Anna Allué-Guardia Ruby A. Escobedo Vinay Shivanna Hussin Rothan Esteban M. Castro Yao Ma Anastasija Cupic Nathaniel Jackson Mahmoud Bayoumi Jordi B. Torrelles Chengjin Ye Adolfo García-Sastre Luis Martinez-Sobrido |
| author_facet | Ahmed Mostafa Ramya S. Barre Anna Allué-Guardia Ruby A. Escobedo Vinay Shivanna Hussin Rothan Esteban M. Castro Yao Ma Anastasija Cupic Nathaniel Jackson Mahmoud Bayoumi Jordi B. Torrelles Chengjin Ye Adolfo García-Sastre Luis Martinez-Sobrido |
| author_sort | Ahmed Mostafa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The host range of HPAIV H5N1 was recently expanded to include ruminants, particularly dairy cattle in the United States (US). Shortly after, human H5N1 infection was reported in a dairy worker in Texas following exposure to infected cattle. Herein, we rescued the cattle-origin influenza A/bovine/Texas/24-029328-02/2024(H5N1, rHPbTX) and A/Texas/37/2024(H5N1, rHPhTX) viruses, identified in dairy cattle and human, respectively, and their low pathogenic forms, rLPbTX and rLPhTX, with monobasic HA cleavage sites. Intriguingly, rHPhTX replicated more efficiently than rHPbTX in mammalian and avian cells. Still, variations in the PA and NA proteins didn’t affect their antiviral susceptibility to PA and NA inhibitors. Unlike rHPbTX and rLPbTX, both rHPhTX and rLPhTX exhibited higher pathogenicity and efficient replication in infected C57BL/6J mice. The lungs of rHPhTX-infected mice produced higher inflammatory cytokines/chemokines than rHPbTX-infected mice. Our results highlight the potential risk of HPAIV H5N1 virus adaptation in human and/or dairy cattle during the current multistate/multispecies outbreak in the US. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-76bc2c3e2f2c40ac932409aa3bd2d05a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2222-1751 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| spelling | doaj-art-76bc2c3e2f2c40ac932409aa3bd2d05a2025-01-08T19:18:21ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEmerging Microbes and Infections2222-17512025-12-0114110.1080/22221751.2024.2447614Replication kinetics, pathogenicity and virus-induced cellular responses of cattle-origin influenza A(H5N1) isolates from Texas, United StatesAhmed Mostafa0Ramya S. Barre1Anna Allué-Guardia2Ruby A. Escobedo3Vinay Shivanna4Hussin Rothan5Esteban M. Castro6Yao Ma7Anastasija Cupic8Nathaniel Jackson9Mahmoud Bayoumi10Jordi B. Torrelles11Chengjin Ye12Adolfo García-Sastre13Luis Martinez-Sobrido14Host-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USAHost-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USAPopulation Health Program, Tuberculosis Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USAHost-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USASouthwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USAHost-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USAHost-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USAHost-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USADepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAHost-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USAHost-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USAInternational Center for the Advancement of Research and Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USAHost-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USADepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAHost-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USAThe host range of HPAIV H5N1 was recently expanded to include ruminants, particularly dairy cattle in the United States (US). Shortly after, human H5N1 infection was reported in a dairy worker in Texas following exposure to infected cattle. Herein, we rescued the cattle-origin influenza A/bovine/Texas/24-029328-02/2024(H5N1, rHPbTX) and A/Texas/37/2024(H5N1, rHPhTX) viruses, identified in dairy cattle and human, respectively, and their low pathogenic forms, rLPbTX and rLPhTX, with monobasic HA cleavage sites. Intriguingly, rHPhTX replicated more efficiently than rHPbTX in mammalian and avian cells. Still, variations in the PA and NA proteins didn’t affect their antiviral susceptibility to PA and NA inhibitors. Unlike rHPbTX and rLPbTX, both rHPhTX and rLPhTX exhibited higher pathogenicity and efficient replication in infected C57BL/6J mice. The lungs of rHPhTX-infected mice produced higher inflammatory cytokines/chemokines than rHPbTX-infected mice. Our results highlight the potential risk of HPAIV H5N1 virus adaptation in human and/or dairy cattle during the current multistate/multispecies outbreak in the US.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2024.2447614Cattle H5N1 viruszoonosisadaptationpathogenicityHPAIV |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed Mostafa Ramya S. Barre Anna Allué-Guardia Ruby A. Escobedo Vinay Shivanna Hussin Rothan Esteban M. Castro Yao Ma Anastasija Cupic Nathaniel Jackson Mahmoud Bayoumi Jordi B. Torrelles Chengjin Ye Adolfo García-Sastre Luis Martinez-Sobrido Replication kinetics, pathogenicity and virus-induced cellular responses of cattle-origin influenza A(H5N1) isolates from Texas, United States Emerging Microbes and Infections Cattle H5N1 virus zoonosis adaptation pathogenicity HPAIV |
| title | Replication kinetics, pathogenicity and virus-induced cellular responses of cattle-origin influenza A(H5N1) isolates from Texas, United States |
| title_full | Replication kinetics, pathogenicity and virus-induced cellular responses of cattle-origin influenza A(H5N1) isolates from Texas, United States |
| title_fullStr | Replication kinetics, pathogenicity and virus-induced cellular responses of cattle-origin influenza A(H5N1) isolates from Texas, United States |
| title_full_unstemmed | Replication kinetics, pathogenicity and virus-induced cellular responses of cattle-origin influenza A(H5N1) isolates from Texas, United States |
| title_short | Replication kinetics, pathogenicity and virus-induced cellular responses of cattle-origin influenza A(H5N1) isolates from Texas, United States |
| title_sort | replication kinetics pathogenicity and virus induced cellular responses of cattle origin influenza a h5n1 isolates from texas united states |
| topic | Cattle H5N1 virus zoonosis adaptation pathogenicity HPAIV |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2024.2447614 |
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