The Associations Between Temperament and Self-Oriented, Other-Oriented, and Dual-Harmful Behaviors in Emerging Adults
Self- and other-oriented harmful behaviors are common among emerging adults. Individuals who engage in both forms of behavior, termed dual-harm, experience more adverse outcomes in comparison to individuals who engage in either. This study examines temperamental traits, defined as reactive and regul...
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Ubiquity Press
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Psychologica Belgica |
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| Online Access: | https://account.psychologicabelgica.com/index.php/up-j-pb/article/view/1327 |
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| author | Serafine Dierickx Dirk Smits Glenn Kiekens Laurence Claes |
| author_facet | Serafine Dierickx Dirk Smits Glenn Kiekens Laurence Claes |
| author_sort | Serafine Dierickx |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Self- and other-oriented harmful behaviors are common among emerging adults. Individuals who engage in both forms of behavior, termed dual-harm, experience more adverse outcomes in comparison to individuals who engage in either. This study examines temperamental traits, defined as reactive and regulative temperament, as transdiagnostic factors underlying engagement in self-oriented, other-oriented, and dual-harmful behaviors. These harmful behaviors are operationalized as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), direct aggression, and a combination of both, respectively. Participants are 669 emerging adults (69.36% women; Mage = 21.48; SD = 2.20). The study focusses on how temperament can differentiate four different groups (i.e., a no-harm, NSSI-only, aggression-only, and a dual-harm group) in a pairwise manner. Results highlight a hyper-reactive Behavioral inhibitions system (BIS) and a hypo-reactive Behavioral activation system (BAS)-Impulsivity in individuals who engage in NSSI-only, compared to no-harm and aggression-only. Conversely, we found a hypo-reactive BIS and a hyper-reactive BAS-Impulsivity in those who report aggressive behaviors, compared to no-harm and NSSI-only. Finally, a hypo-reactive Effortful control (EC) is found in the dual-harm group, when compared to those engaging only in NSSI, and hyper-reactive BIS and BAS-Impulsivity are found in the dual-harm group, when compared to those engaging only in aggressive behaviors, or those engaging in neither behaviors. This study highlights the role of temperamental traits in differentiating patterns of self-oriented, other-oriented, and dual-harmful behaviors, which should be integrated in future research and clinical interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-75dcdd68b8e54e0fbc186569782910cf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2054-670X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Ubiquity Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Psychologica Belgica |
| spelling | doaj-art-75dcdd68b8e54e0fbc186569782910cf2025-01-08T08:39:56ZengUbiquity PressPsychologica Belgica2054-670X2024-12-01641201–213201–21310.5334/pb.13271312The Associations Between Temperament and Self-Oriented, Other-Oriented, and Dual-Harmful Behaviors in Emerging AdultsSerafine Dierickx0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9406-8919Dirk Smits1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5542-3252Glenn Kiekens2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8747-3385Laurence Claes3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2287-3158Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven; Resilient People, UCLL Research & Expertise, LeuvenFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven; Odisee University of Applied Sciences, BrusselFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven; Department of Neurosciences, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, BE; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, TilburgFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk; Child & Youth Institute, KU Leuven, LeuvenSelf- and other-oriented harmful behaviors are common among emerging adults. Individuals who engage in both forms of behavior, termed dual-harm, experience more adverse outcomes in comparison to individuals who engage in either. This study examines temperamental traits, defined as reactive and regulative temperament, as transdiagnostic factors underlying engagement in self-oriented, other-oriented, and dual-harmful behaviors. These harmful behaviors are operationalized as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), direct aggression, and a combination of both, respectively. Participants are 669 emerging adults (69.36% women; Mage = 21.48; SD = 2.20). The study focusses on how temperament can differentiate four different groups (i.e., a no-harm, NSSI-only, aggression-only, and a dual-harm group) in a pairwise manner. Results highlight a hyper-reactive Behavioral inhibitions system (BIS) and a hypo-reactive Behavioral activation system (BAS)-Impulsivity in individuals who engage in NSSI-only, compared to no-harm and aggression-only. Conversely, we found a hypo-reactive BIS and a hyper-reactive BAS-Impulsivity in those who report aggressive behaviors, compared to no-harm and NSSI-only. Finally, a hypo-reactive Effortful control (EC) is found in the dual-harm group, when compared to those engaging only in NSSI, and hyper-reactive BIS and BAS-Impulsivity are found in the dual-harm group, when compared to those engaging only in aggressive behaviors, or those engaging in neither behaviors. This study highlights the role of temperamental traits in differentiating patterns of self-oriented, other-oriented, and dual-harmful behaviors, which should be integrated in future research and clinical interventions.https://account.psychologicabelgica.com/index.php/up-j-pb/article/view/1327temperamentnon-suicidal self-injuryaggressiondual-harmreinforcement sensitivityeffortful control |
| spellingShingle | Serafine Dierickx Dirk Smits Glenn Kiekens Laurence Claes The Associations Between Temperament and Self-Oriented, Other-Oriented, and Dual-Harmful Behaviors in Emerging Adults Psychologica Belgica temperament non-suicidal self-injury aggression dual-harm reinforcement sensitivity effortful control |
| title | The Associations Between Temperament and Self-Oriented, Other-Oriented, and Dual-Harmful Behaviors in Emerging Adults |
| title_full | The Associations Between Temperament and Self-Oriented, Other-Oriented, and Dual-Harmful Behaviors in Emerging Adults |
| title_fullStr | The Associations Between Temperament and Self-Oriented, Other-Oriented, and Dual-Harmful Behaviors in Emerging Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Associations Between Temperament and Self-Oriented, Other-Oriented, and Dual-Harmful Behaviors in Emerging Adults |
| title_short | The Associations Between Temperament and Self-Oriented, Other-Oriented, and Dual-Harmful Behaviors in Emerging Adults |
| title_sort | associations between temperament and self oriented other oriented and dual harmful behaviors in emerging adults |
| topic | temperament non-suicidal self-injury aggression dual-harm reinforcement sensitivity effortful control |
| url | https://account.psychologicabelgica.com/index.php/up-j-pb/article/view/1327 |
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