Chemical Control of the Invasive Weed <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i>: Nethouse Studies
<i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i> L. (Aizoaceae), commonly known as desert horse purslane or black pigweed, is a C4 dicot succulent invasive annual plant that is widespread in agricultural fields in Southeast Asia, tropical America, Africa, and Australia. In Israel, <i>Trianthema po...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Yaakov Goldwasser Onn Rabinowitz Jackline Abu-Nasser Evgeny Smirnov Guy Achdary Hanan Eizenberg |
| author_facet | Yaakov Goldwasser Onn Rabinowitz Jackline Abu-Nasser Evgeny Smirnov Guy Achdary Hanan Eizenberg |
| author_sort | Yaakov Goldwasser |
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| description | <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i> L. (Aizoaceae), commonly known as desert horse purslane or black pigweed, is a C4 dicot succulent invasive annual plant that is widespread in agricultural fields in Southeast Asia, tropical America, Africa, and Australia. In Israel, <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i> is an invasive weed of increasing importance in agricultural fields, including mainly corn, tomato, alfalfa watermelon, and groundnut crops. The significance of this weed in crops has been recently reported in neighboring countries of Jordan and Egypt. In previous studies, we have examined and described the spread, biology, and germination requirements of <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i> in Israel. The present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of single pre- and post-emergence herbicides and the combination of pre-applied herbicides for the control of this invasive weed in pots in a nethouse. We conducted three sequential experiments in a nethouse: (1) screening of pre-emergence herbicides, (2) screening of post-emergence herbicides, and (3) assessment of residual activity of combined pre-emergence herbicides in three distinct Hula Valley soil types. Efficacy was evaluated through weekly assessments of seedling emergence and vigor, with the final shoot fresh weight determined upon the experiment’s completion. In all experiments, weekly counts and vigor estimation of <i>T. portulacastrum</i> seedlings were conducted, and shoot fresh weights were determined at the end of the experiments. The results of pre-emergence herbicide screening showed that Fomesafen, Terbutryne, Flurochloridon, Sulfosulfuron, Cyrosulfamid + Izoxaflutole, and Dimethenamid were the most effective herbicides, leading to complete eradication of <i>T. portulacastrum</i> plants. Results of the post-emergence screening revealed that Saflufenacil, Foramsulfuron, Tembotrione + Isoxdifen-ethyl, and Rimsulfurom Methyl completely controlled the weed. In the soil residual study, three herbicide combinations (Fomesafen + Terbutryn, Sulfosulfuron + Fomesafen, and Dimethenamid + Flurochloridon) provided effective control across all soil types. These findings provide a foundation for future field trials investigating integrated pre- and post-emergence herbicide programs for <i>T. portulacastrum</i> management in various crops. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-7443fbbd6fd04323b5d04662a22219872025-01-10T13:19:30ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-12-011411910.3390/plants14010019Chemical Control of the Invasive Weed <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i>: Nethouse StudiesYaakov Goldwasser0Onn Rabinowitz1Jackline Abu-Nasser2Evgeny Smirnov3Guy Achdary4Hanan Eizenberg5Valley Farmers Center Ltd., Migdal Haemek 2310201, IsraelNorthern Research and Development, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, IsraelNewe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay 3009500, IsraelNewe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay 3009500, IsraelNewe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay 3009500, IsraelNewe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay 3009500, Israel<i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i> L. (Aizoaceae), commonly known as desert horse purslane or black pigweed, is a C4 dicot succulent invasive annual plant that is widespread in agricultural fields in Southeast Asia, tropical America, Africa, and Australia. In Israel, <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i> is an invasive weed of increasing importance in agricultural fields, including mainly corn, tomato, alfalfa watermelon, and groundnut crops. The significance of this weed in crops has been recently reported in neighboring countries of Jordan and Egypt. In previous studies, we have examined and described the spread, biology, and germination requirements of <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i> in Israel. The present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of single pre- and post-emergence herbicides and the combination of pre-applied herbicides for the control of this invasive weed in pots in a nethouse. We conducted three sequential experiments in a nethouse: (1) screening of pre-emergence herbicides, (2) screening of post-emergence herbicides, and (3) assessment of residual activity of combined pre-emergence herbicides in three distinct Hula Valley soil types. Efficacy was evaluated through weekly assessments of seedling emergence and vigor, with the final shoot fresh weight determined upon the experiment’s completion. In all experiments, weekly counts and vigor estimation of <i>T. portulacastrum</i> seedlings were conducted, and shoot fresh weights were determined at the end of the experiments. The results of pre-emergence herbicide screening showed that Fomesafen, Terbutryne, Flurochloridon, Sulfosulfuron, Cyrosulfamid + Izoxaflutole, and Dimethenamid were the most effective herbicides, leading to complete eradication of <i>T. portulacastrum</i> plants. Results of the post-emergence screening revealed that Saflufenacil, Foramsulfuron, Tembotrione + Isoxdifen-ethyl, and Rimsulfurom Methyl completely controlled the weed. In the soil residual study, three herbicide combinations (Fomesafen + Terbutryn, Sulfosulfuron + Fomesafen, and Dimethenamid + Flurochloridon) provided effective control across all soil types. These findings provide a foundation for future field trials investigating integrated pre- and post-emergence herbicide programs for <i>T. portulacastrum</i> management in various crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/1/19controlled environment studiesdesert horse purslaneherbicidesHula Valley Israelinvasive plantspre-emergence |
| spellingShingle | Yaakov Goldwasser Onn Rabinowitz Jackline Abu-Nasser Evgeny Smirnov Guy Achdary Hanan Eizenberg Chemical Control of the Invasive Weed <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i>: Nethouse Studies Plants controlled environment studies desert horse purslane herbicides Hula Valley Israel invasive plants pre-emergence |
| title | Chemical Control of the Invasive Weed <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i>: Nethouse Studies |
| title_full | Chemical Control of the Invasive Weed <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i>: Nethouse Studies |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Control of the Invasive Weed <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i>: Nethouse Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Control of the Invasive Weed <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i>: Nethouse Studies |
| title_short | Chemical Control of the Invasive Weed <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i>: Nethouse Studies |
| title_sort | chemical control of the invasive weed i trianthema portulacastrum i nethouse studies |
| topic | controlled environment studies desert horse purslane herbicides Hula Valley Israel invasive plants pre-emergence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/1/19 |
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