Proximate composition, microbial quality and heavy metal concentration of fresh Nile tilapia fillet in Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Nowadays, consumption of fish is becoming a public health concern due to quality and safety issues. This study was designed to assess the proximate composition, microbial quality, and heavy metal accumulation in the Nile tilapia fillet at three selected landing sites in Lake Tana. Fifteen samples we...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024169848 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846115959719329792 |
|---|---|
| author | Solomon Birie Minwyelet Mingist Mulugeta Kibret Tadlo Yitayew Atlog Hirut Geremew Banchiamlak Getnet Dagnew Mequanent |
| author_facet | Solomon Birie Minwyelet Mingist Mulugeta Kibret Tadlo Yitayew Atlog Hirut Geremew Banchiamlak Getnet Dagnew Mequanent |
| author_sort | Solomon Birie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nowadays, consumption of fish is becoming a public health concern due to quality and safety issues. This study was designed to assess the proximate composition, microbial quality, and heavy metal accumulation in the Nile tilapia fillet at three selected landing sites in Lake Tana. Fifteen samples were collected and analyzed. The mean moisture, ash, fat, protein, salt, and water activity were 81.76%, 0.98%, 1.88%, 14.04%, 0.14%, and 0.9869, respectively. The proximate contents varied slightly among sites but were not significantly different (p > 0.05). The mean aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, total coliform, and fecal coliform counts were 6.30 log CFU/g, 2.91 log CFU/g, 1.51 log MPN/g, and 0.89 log MPN/g, respectively. Such high microbial loads and the high counts of fecal coliforms are indicative of poor handling practices and unsanitary processing that might lead to foodborne illnesses and economic losses. In addition, the mean concentration of heavy metals in the tissue samples decreased in the order of chromium (0.165 mg/kg) > arsenic (0.085 mg/kg) > lead (0.054 mg/kg) > cadmium (0.010 mg/kg). Except for chromium, the concentrations of the assessed metals were below the maximum permissible limits. Long-term chromium exposure, especially in its hexavalent form, can pose significant health risks like respiratory issues, gastrointestinal distress, and even cancer. Therefore, identifying contamination sources, employing proper waste management strategies, continuous monitoring of heavy metal levels, and proper fish handling practices are highly recommended to address the health implications of microbial contamination and elevated chromium concentrations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7353dffec8bb4d2989f99b2a81e43f1d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-7353dffec8bb4d2989f99b2a81e43f1d2024-12-19T10:56:15ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402024-12-011024e40953Proximate composition, microbial quality and heavy metal concentration of fresh Nile tilapia fillet in Lake Tana, EthiopiaSolomon Birie0Minwyelet Mingist1Mulugeta Kibret2Tadlo Yitayew Atlog3Hirut Geremew4Banchiamlak Getnet5Dagnew Mequanent6Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Tabor University, P. O. Box: 272, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; Corresponding author. Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, EthiopiaDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, EthiopiaDepartment of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 26, Bahir Dar, EthiopiaDepartment of Animal Production and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, EthiopiaDepartment of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, EthiopiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Computational Sciences, Gondar University, P. O. Box: 136, Gondar, EthiopiaNowadays, consumption of fish is becoming a public health concern due to quality and safety issues. This study was designed to assess the proximate composition, microbial quality, and heavy metal accumulation in the Nile tilapia fillet at three selected landing sites in Lake Tana. Fifteen samples were collected and analyzed. The mean moisture, ash, fat, protein, salt, and water activity were 81.76%, 0.98%, 1.88%, 14.04%, 0.14%, and 0.9869, respectively. The proximate contents varied slightly among sites but were not significantly different (p > 0.05). The mean aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, total coliform, and fecal coliform counts were 6.30 log CFU/g, 2.91 log CFU/g, 1.51 log MPN/g, and 0.89 log MPN/g, respectively. Such high microbial loads and the high counts of fecal coliforms are indicative of poor handling practices and unsanitary processing that might lead to foodborne illnesses and economic losses. In addition, the mean concentration of heavy metals in the tissue samples decreased in the order of chromium (0.165 mg/kg) > arsenic (0.085 mg/kg) > lead (0.054 mg/kg) > cadmium (0.010 mg/kg). Except for chromium, the concentrations of the assessed metals were below the maximum permissible limits. Long-term chromium exposure, especially in its hexavalent form, can pose significant health risks like respiratory issues, gastrointestinal distress, and even cancer. Therefore, identifying contamination sources, employing proper waste management strategies, continuous monitoring of heavy metal levels, and proper fish handling practices are highly recommended to address the health implications of microbial contamination and elevated chromium concentrations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024169848ContaminationFood safetyHeavy metalsLake TanaNile tilapiaPublic health |
| spellingShingle | Solomon Birie Minwyelet Mingist Mulugeta Kibret Tadlo Yitayew Atlog Hirut Geremew Banchiamlak Getnet Dagnew Mequanent Proximate composition, microbial quality and heavy metal concentration of fresh Nile tilapia fillet in Lake Tana, Ethiopia Heliyon Contamination Food safety Heavy metals Lake Tana Nile tilapia Public health |
| title | Proximate composition, microbial quality and heavy metal concentration of fresh Nile tilapia fillet in Lake Tana, Ethiopia |
| title_full | Proximate composition, microbial quality and heavy metal concentration of fresh Nile tilapia fillet in Lake Tana, Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Proximate composition, microbial quality and heavy metal concentration of fresh Nile tilapia fillet in Lake Tana, Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proximate composition, microbial quality and heavy metal concentration of fresh Nile tilapia fillet in Lake Tana, Ethiopia |
| title_short | Proximate composition, microbial quality and heavy metal concentration of fresh Nile tilapia fillet in Lake Tana, Ethiopia |
| title_sort | proximate composition microbial quality and heavy metal concentration of fresh nile tilapia fillet in lake tana ethiopia |
| topic | Contamination Food safety Heavy metals Lake Tana Nile tilapia Public health |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024169848 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT solomonbirie proximatecompositionmicrobialqualityandheavymetalconcentrationoffreshniletilapiafilletinlaketanaethiopia AT minwyeletmingist proximatecompositionmicrobialqualityandheavymetalconcentrationoffreshniletilapiafilletinlaketanaethiopia AT mulugetakibret proximatecompositionmicrobialqualityandheavymetalconcentrationoffreshniletilapiafilletinlaketanaethiopia AT tadloyitayewatlog proximatecompositionmicrobialqualityandheavymetalconcentrationoffreshniletilapiafilletinlaketanaethiopia AT hirutgeremew proximatecompositionmicrobialqualityandheavymetalconcentrationoffreshniletilapiafilletinlaketanaethiopia AT banchiamlakgetnet proximatecompositionmicrobialqualityandheavymetalconcentrationoffreshniletilapiafilletinlaketanaethiopia AT dagnewmequanent proximatecompositionmicrobialqualityandheavymetalconcentrationoffreshniletilapiafilletinlaketanaethiopia |