The Effects of Anthropogenic Stressors on Above- and Belowground Phytochemical Diversity of the Wetland Grass, <i>Phragmites australis</i>
Coastal wetlands face threats from climate change-induced flooding and biological invasions. Plants respond to these stressors through changes in their phytochemical metabolome, but it is unclear whether stressors affecting one tissue compartment (e.g., leaves) create vulnerabilities in others (e.g....
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2024-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/22/3133 |
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| author | Andrea E. Glassmire Ana L. Salgado Rodrigo Diaz Joseph Johnston Laura A. Meyerson Joshua S. Snook James T. Cronin |
| author_facet | Andrea E. Glassmire Ana L. Salgado Rodrigo Diaz Joseph Johnston Laura A. Meyerson Joshua S. Snook James T. Cronin |
| author_sort | Andrea E. Glassmire |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coastal wetlands face threats from climate change-induced flooding and biological invasions. Plants respond to these stressors through changes in their phytochemical metabolome, but it is unclear whether stressors affecting one tissue compartment (e.g., leaves) create vulnerabilities in others (e.g., roots) or elicit similar responses across tissues. Additionally, responses to multiple simultaneous stressors remain poorly understood due to the focus on individual metabolites in past studies. This study aims to elucidate how the phytochemical metabolome of three <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) lineages, common in the Mississippi River Delta, responds to flooding and infestation by the non-native scale insect <i>Nipponaclerda biwakoensis</i> (Kuwana). Among these lineages, one is non-native and poses a threat to North American wetlands. Results indicate that metabolomic responses are highly specific, varying with lineage, tissue type, stressor type, and the presence of multiple stressors. Notably, the non-native lineage displayed high chemical evenness, while the other two showed stressor-dependent responses. The 10 most informative features identified by a machine learning model showed less than 1% overlap with known metabolites linked to water and herbivory stress, underscoring gaps in our understanding of plant responses to environmental stressors. Our metabolomic approach offers a valuable tool for identifying candidate plant genotypes for wetland restoration. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6af4c2537b8b489880bcc2b5c44ec446 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-6af4c2537b8b489880bcc2b5c44ec4462024-11-26T18:18:40ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-11-011322313310.3390/plants13223133The Effects of Anthropogenic Stressors on Above- and Belowground Phytochemical Diversity of the Wetland Grass, <i>Phragmites australis</i>Andrea E. Glassmire0Ana L. Salgado1Rodrigo Diaz2Joseph Johnston3Laura A. Meyerson4Joshua S. Snook5James T. Cronin6Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USADepartment of Entomology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USADepartment of Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USADepartment of Entomology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USACoastal wetlands face threats from climate change-induced flooding and biological invasions. Plants respond to these stressors through changes in their phytochemical metabolome, but it is unclear whether stressors affecting one tissue compartment (e.g., leaves) create vulnerabilities in others (e.g., roots) or elicit similar responses across tissues. Additionally, responses to multiple simultaneous stressors remain poorly understood due to the focus on individual metabolites in past studies. This study aims to elucidate how the phytochemical metabolome of three <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) lineages, common in the Mississippi River Delta, responds to flooding and infestation by the non-native scale insect <i>Nipponaclerda biwakoensis</i> (Kuwana). Among these lineages, one is non-native and poses a threat to North American wetlands. Results indicate that metabolomic responses are highly specific, varying with lineage, tissue type, stressor type, and the presence of multiple stressors. Notably, the non-native lineage displayed high chemical evenness, while the other two showed stressor-dependent responses. The 10 most informative features identified by a machine learning model showed less than 1% overlap with known metabolites linked to water and herbivory stress, underscoring gaps in our understanding of plant responses to environmental stressors. Our metabolomic approach offers a valuable tool for identifying candidate plant genotypes for wetland restoration.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/22/3133phytochemical diversitymetabolomicsclimate changesalt marshRoseau cane scalenon-native species |
| spellingShingle | Andrea E. Glassmire Ana L. Salgado Rodrigo Diaz Joseph Johnston Laura A. Meyerson Joshua S. Snook James T. Cronin The Effects of Anthropogenic Stressors on Above- and Belowground Phytochemical Diversity of the Wetland Grass, <i>Phragmites australis</i> Plants phytochemical diversity metabolomics climate change salt marsh Roseau cane scale non-native species |
| title | The Effects of Anthropogenic Stressors on Above- and Belowground Phytochemical Diversity of the Wetland Grass, <i>Phragmites australis</i> |
| title_full | The Effects of Anthropogenic Stressors on Above- and Belowground Phytochemical Diversity of the Wetland Grass, <i>Phragmites australis</i> |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Anthropogenic Stressors on Above- and Belowground Phytochemical Diversity of the Wetland Grass, <i>Phragmites australis</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Anthropogenic Stressors on Above- and Belowground Phytochemical Diversity of the Wetland Grass, <i>Phragmites australis</i> |
| title_short | The Effects of Anthropogenic Stressors on Above- and Belowground Phytochemical Diversity of the Wetland Grass, <i>Phragmites australis</i> |
| title_sort | effects of anthropogenic stressors on above and belowground phytochemical diversity of the wetland grass i phragmites australis i |
| topic | phytochemical diversity metabolomics climate change salt marsh Roseau cane scale non-native species |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/22/3133 |
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