Estrogen administration enhances the adverse effects of cigarette smoking on the heart in cycling female mice
Abstract Smoking, particularly chronic smoking (CS), is a threat to global health, contributing to increased mortality and morbidity associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). CS induces oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, which has a profound impact on cardiac structure and function. W...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Biology of Sex Differences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-024-00667-3 |
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