Characteristics of the integration sites and module structures of the Tn916 and its family
Abstract Tn916, the most typical conjugative transposon that contains the tetM resistance gene, has been identified in various genomes. This study examined the recognized Tn916 (with an identity of > 90%) and Tn916 other family members (with identities between 60 and 90%) in all currently known c...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09579-7 |
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| author | Lei Song Jingxiu Duan Tianren Liu Jiaojiao Sun Zhiling Hao |
| author_facet | Lei Song Jingxiu Duan Tianren Liu Jiaojiao Sun Zhiling Hao |
| author_sort | Lei Song |
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| description | Abstract Tn916, the most typical conjugative transposon that contains the tetM resistance gene, has been identified in various genomes. This study examined the recognized Tn916 (with an identity of > 90%) and Tn916 other family members (with identities between 60 and 90%) in all currently known complete genome and chromosome sequences, naming them Tn916.1 to Tn916.9. Tn916 and other members of this family have similar structures: AT-rich inverted repeats (IRs), with the boundaries being AT-rich stem‒loop structures; the coupling sequences in the middle, often 5 bp AT-rich regions, with the conserved base is the first base A or the last base T; the stem sequence from the host, which often matches or complements part of the IR (4–5 bp). Most Tn916 family members have ABC transporter gene clusters as resistance markers, and Tn916.9 has vancomycin resistance genes. Tn916 and other members of this family are more frequently integrated into genomes that have low GC% values. Our study elucidates the structural characteristics of the regions flanking Tn916 and other members of this family, laying a molecular foundation for further determining their deletion and integration mechanisms and aiding in controlling the spread of such antibiotic resistance in these conjugative transposons. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5c0fda33e70947b984fb0e7cf01c3fd2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-5c0fda33e70947b984fb0e7cf01c3fd22025-08-20T03:45:24ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-09579-7Characteristics of the integration sites and module structures of the Tn916 and its familyLei Song0Jingxiu Duan1Tianren Liu2Jiaojiao Sun3Zhiling Hao4College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal UniversityCollege of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal UniversityAbstract Tn916, the most typical conjugative transposon that contains the tetM resistance gene, has been identified in various genomes. This study examined the recognized Tn916 (with an identity of > 90%) and Tn916 other family members (with identities between 60 and 90%) in all currently known complete genome and chromosome sequences, naming them Tn916.1 to Tn916.9. Tn916 and other members of this family have similar structures: AT-rich inverted repeats (IRs), with the boundaries being AT-rich stem‒loop structures; the coupling sequences in the middle, often 5 bp AT-rich regions, with the conserved base is the first base A or the last base T; the stem sequence from the host, which often matches or complements part of the IR (4–5 bp). Most Tn916 family members have ABC transporter gene clusters as resistance markers, and Tn916.9 has vancomycin resistance genes. Tn916 and other members of this family are more frequently integrated into genomes that have low GC% values. Our study elucidates the structural characteristics of the regions flanking Tn916 and other members of this family, laying a molecular foundation for further determining their deletion and integration mechanisms and aiding in controlling the spread of such antibiotic resistance in these conjugative transposons.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09579-7Tn916 and its familyInverted repeatsConserved baseModular structureStem‒Loop structure |
| spellingShingle | Lei Song Jingxiu Duan Tianren Liu Jiaojiao Sun Zhiling Hao Characteristics of the integration sites and module structures of the Tn916 and its family Scientific Reports Tn916 and its family Inverted repeats Conserved base Modular structure Stem‒Loop structure |
| title | Characteristics of the integration sites and module structures of the Tn916 and its family |
| title_full | Characteristics of the integration sites and module structures of the Tn916 and its family |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics of the integration sites and module structures of the Tn916 and its family |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of the integration sites and module structures of the Tn916 and its family |
| title_short | Characteristics of the integration sites and module structures of the Tn916 and its family |
| title_sort | characteristics of the integration sites and module structures of the tn916 and its family |
| topic | Tn916 and its family Inverted repeats Conserved base Modular structure Stem‒Loop structure |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09579-7 |
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