Seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle in Gharbia governorate, Egypt: A comparative study of traditional and commercial production systems
Background: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a global contagious respiratory disease of ruminants caused by Bovine Herpes virus-1(BoHV-1). It causes substantial financial losses in the dairy industry worldwide and is considered one of the most important causative agents of abortion and re...
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Tripoli University
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Open Veterinary Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=216209 |
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| author | Mostafa El-Sayed El-Sheikh Lotfy Bakar Mamdouh Fahmy El-Mekawy Mohammed Ibrahim Eisa Nasser Zeidan Abouzeid Mervat Ibrahim Abdelmonim Sarah Gamal Yousef |
| author_facet | Mostafa El-Sayed El-Sheikh Lotfy Bakar Mamdouh Fahmy El-Mekawy Mohammed Ibrahim Eisa Nasser Zeidan Abouzeid Mervat Ibrahim Abdelmonim Sarah Gamal Yousef |
| author_sort | Mostafa El-Sayed El-Sheikh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a global contagious respiratory disease of ruminants caused by Bovine Herpes virus-1(BoHV-1). It causes substantial financial losses in the dairy industry worldwide and is considered one of the most important causative agents of abortion and reproductive problems in dairy cattle.
Aim:
This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of IBR and the related risk factors in the dairy population in Gharbia governorate, Egypt.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of IBR in bovine dairy herds in Qutur district, Gharbia governorate, Egypt from March 2023 to February 2024. A total of 12 smallholder farms and six commercial dairy farms that didn't use vaccination protocol against BoHV-1 were randomly selected. Serum samples (n = 400) were collected from 360 cattle and 40 Italian buffaloes and were subjected to evaluation of the serological status of BoHV-1 using indirect ELISA. A multivariate logistic regression model was implemented to evaluate the strength of the risk factors associated with the infection.
Results:
The overall seroprevalence of IBR was 22.5% (95% CI: 18.5% - 26.9%). The prevalence of IBR in animals reared under traditional and commercial systems was 28.04% and 21.06%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression revealed that the risk of infection with IBR in winter months was significantly higher than in autumn [OR = 5.9, CI 95%: 2.22-16.16]. The seroprevalence of IBR was higher in weaned and yearling calves than in adult cattle (P- value = 0.000). The risk of exposure to IBR infection was higher in free stall houses than in tie stall houses [OR = 3.7, CI 95%: 1.11-12.35]. The risk of seropositivity to IBR was significantly higher in animals with a history of recent respiratory manifestation than those without a history of recent respiratory problems (P- value = 0.000)
Conclusion:
This research study revealed that IBR is prevalent among dairy cattle reared under both production systems in the Gharbia governorate. Introducing an appropriate vaccination protocol becomes inevitable to protect our dairy industries from potential economic losses due to this disease. [Open Vet J 2024; 14(11.000): 2960-2969] |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5a1a222e9155465fa6e254c6aa5f8f74 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2226-4485 2218-6050 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Tripoli University |
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| series | Open Veterinary Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-5a1a222e9155465fa6e254c6aa5f8f742024-12-13T19:28:45ZengTripoli UniversityOpen Veterinary Journal2226-44852218-60502024-11-0114112960296910.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.24216209Seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle in Gharbia governorate, Egypt: A comparative study of traditional and commercial production systemsMostafa El-Sayed El-Sheikh0Lotfy Bakar1Mamdouh Fahmy El-Mekawy2Mohammed Ibrahim Eisa3Nasser Zeidan Abouzeid4Mervat Ibrahim Abdelmonim5Sarah Gamal Yousef6Virology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Dokki, Giza. Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, The Libyan Academy for High Studies, Libya Department of Animal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt Department of Animal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt Department of Animal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt Virology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Dokki, Giza. Department of Animal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptBackground: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a global contagious respiratory disease of ruminants caused by Bovine Herpes virus-1(BoHV-1). It causes substantial financial losses in the dairy industry worldwide and is considered one of the most important causative agents of abortion and reproductive problems in dairy cattle. Aim: This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of IBR and the related risk factors in the dairy population in Gharbia governorate, Egypt. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of IBR in bovine dairy herds in Qutur district, Gharbia governorate, Egypt from March 2023 to February 2024. A total of 12 smallholder farms and six commercial dairy farms that didn't use vaccination protocol against BoHV-1 were randomly selected. Serum samples (n = 400) were collected from 360 cattle and 40 Italian buffaloes and were subjected to evaluation of the serological status of BoHV-1 using indirect ELISA. A multivariate logistic regression model was implemented to evaluate the strength of the risk factors associated with the infection. Results: The overall seroprevalence of IBR was 22.5% (95% CI: 18.5% - 26.9%). The prevalence of IBR in animals reared under traditional and commercial systems was 28.04% and 21.06%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression revealed that the risk of infection with IBR in winter months was significantly higher than in autumn [OR = 5.9, CI 95%: 2.22-16.16]. The seroprevalence of IBR was higher in weaned and yearling calves than in adult cattle (P- value = 0.000). The risk of exposure to IBR infection was higher in free stall houses than in tie stall houses [OR = 3.7, CI 95%: 1.11-12.35]. The risk of seropositivity to IBR was significantly higher in animals with a history of recent respiratory manifestation than those without a history of recent respiratory problems (P- value = 0.000) Conclusion: This research study revealed that IBR is prevalent among dairy cattle reared under both production systems in the Gharbia governorate. Introducing an appropriate vaccination protocol becomes inevitable to protect our dairy industries from potential economic losses due to this disease. [Open Vet J 2024; 14(11.000): 2960-2969]https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=216209infectious bovine rhinotracheitisrisk factorsegyptseroprevalence |
| spellingShingle | Mostafa El-Sayed El-Sheikh Lotfy Bakar Mamdouh Fahmy El-Mekawy Mohammed Ibrahim Eisa Nasser Zeidan Abouzeid Mervat Ibrahim Abdelmonim Sarah Gamal Yousef Seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle in Gharbia governorate, Egypt: A comparative study of traditional and commercial production systems Open Veterinary Journal infectious bovine rhinotracheitis risk factors egypt seroprevalence |
| title | Seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle in Gharbia governorate, Egypt: A comparative study of traditional and commercial production systems |
| title_full | Seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle in Gharbia governorate, Egypt: A comparative study of traditional and commercial production systems |
| title_fullStr | Seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle in Gharbia governorate, Egypt: A comparative study of traditional and commercial production systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle in Gharbia governorate, Egypt: A comparative study of traditional and commercial production systems |
| title_short | Seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle in Gharbia governorate, Egypt: A comparative study of traditional and commercial production systems |
| title_sort | seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle in gharbia governorate egypt a comparative study of traditional and commercial production systems |
| topic | infectious bovine rhinotracheitis risk factors egypt seroprevalence |
| url | https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=216209 |
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