Serum norethisterone (NET) levels in NET-enanthate (NET-EN) injectable contraception users substantially interfere with testosterone immunoassay measurements and confound interpretation of biological outcomes

Serum norethisterone (NET) levels in NET-enanthate (NET-EN) injectable contraception users substantially interfere with testosterone immunoassay measurements and confound interpretation of biological outcomes

Abstract Background The progestin norethisterone (NET), which is structurally related to testosterone, and its enanthate form (NET-EN), are used in contraception in women. Oral NET has been shown to interfere with testosterone measurements by some chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassays (CMIA)....

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Main Authors: Chanel Avenant, Johnson Mosoko Moliki, Alexis J. Bick, Sigcinile Dlamini, Mandisa Singata-Madliki, G. Justus Hofmeyr, Pai-Lien Chen, Karl-Heinz Storbeck, Donita J. Africander, David W. Erikson, Janet P. Hapgood
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Contraception and Reproductive Medicine
Subjects:
Norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN)
Depo medroxyprogesterone acetate intramuscular (DMPA-IM)
Testosterone
Testosterone quantification
Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA)
Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS)
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40834-025-00388-x
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s40834-025-00388-x

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