Time sequence of non-grain cultivated land restoration in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, China

The scientific prioritization of non-grain cultivated land restoration sequences plays a pivotal role in implementing the occupation and compensation balance, as it simultaneously safeguards national food security and optimizes territorial spatial configurations. Focusing on non–grain cultivated lan...

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Main Authors: Jinhua Liu, Yuqing Wang, Zhongxiao Cong, Baokun Zhu, Keqiang Wang, Yan Zhao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Environmental and Sustainability Indicators
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972725002144
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author Jinhua Liu
Yuqing Wang
Zhongxiao Cong
Baokun Zhu
Keqiang Wang
Yan Zhao
author_facet Jinhua Liu
Yuqing Wang
Zhongxiao Cong
Baokun Zhu
Keqiang Wang
Yan Zhao
author_sort Jinhua Liu
collection DOAJ
description The scientific prioritization of non-grain cultivated land restoration sequences plays a pivotal role in implementing the occupation and compensation balance, as it simultaneously safeguards national food security and optimizes territorial spatial configurations. Focusing on non–grain cultivated land, this study established a county-level evaluation framework based on Third National Land Survey data. Utilizing an integrated assessment technique, we first quantified the actual restoration potential. Subsequently, a comprehensive time-sequence evaluation system was developed incorporating three key dimensions: restoration potential, urgency and agglomeration. The innovative ‘3D magic cube’ model was then employed to classify restoration priority zones across Shandong's counties, revealing spatial distribution patterns and investment priorities for non-grain cultivated land restoration. Based on these findings, targeted management strategies were formulated. Results demonstrated that the overall cultivated land restoration potential in Shandong Province was relatively high, exhibiting a characteristics ‘central depression with peripheral elevation’ spatial distribution pattern. Furthermore, the restoration urgency was predominantly at medium levels, while displaying significant spatial heterogeneity. The spatial agglomeration degree of cultivated land restoration remained relatively low overall. Additionally, different priority zones formed clustered and continuous spatial distribution. Based on the restoration sequence evaluation, the Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration was classified into three types: priority, general and backup recovery areas, presenting a ''core-periphery'' spatial configuration centered on Jinan and Qingdao metropolitan areas. Western Shandong was identified as the highest-priority restoration zone, with Dezhou, Liaocheng and Heze collectively accounting for 43.33 % of the total priority restoration areas. Consequently, it was essential to clarify the responsibilities of stakeholders in the land use offset mechanism and standardize operational procedures to enhance the effectiveness of non-grain cultivated land rehabilitation. This study established a scientific foundation for selecting cultivated land rehabilitation projects and formulating national-level strategies occupation and compensation balance.
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spelling doaj-art-50f9da35d8db42c9be472fd1608258ed2025-08-20T03:59:22ZengElsevierEnvironmental and Sustainability Indicators2665-97272025-09-012710079310.1016/j.indic.2025.100793Time sequence of non-grain cultivated land restoration in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, ChinaJinhua Liu0Yuqing Wang1Zhongxiao Cong2Baokun Zhu3Keqiang Wang4Yan Zhao5College of Management Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, ChinaCollege of Public Administration, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, ChinaSchool of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, ChinaHigh School Attached to Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, ChinaShandong Provincial Territorial Spatial Ecological Restoration Center, Jinan, 250014, ChinaShandong Provincial Institute of Territorial Space Planning, Jinan, 250014, China; Corresponding author.The scientific prioritization of non-grain cultivated land restoration sequences plays a pivotal role in implementing the occupation and compensation balance, as it simultaneously safeguards national food security and optimizes territorial spatial configurations. Focusing on non–grain cultivated land, this study established a county-level evaluation framework based on Third National Land Survey data. Utilizing an integrated assessment technique, we first quantified the actual restoration potential. Subsequently, a comprehensive time-sequence evaluation system was developed incorporating three key dimensions: restoration potential, urgency and agglomeration. The innovative ‘3D magic cube’ model was then employed to classify restoration priority zones across Shandong's counties, revealing spatial distribution patterns and investment priorities for non-grain cultivated land restoration. Based on these findings, targeted management strategies were formulated. Results demonstrated that the overall cultivated land restoration potential in Shandong Province was relatively high, exhibiting a characteristics ‘central depression with peripheral elevation’ spatial distribution pattern. Furthermore, the restoration urgency was predominantly at medium levels, while displaying significant spatial heterogeneity. The spatial agglomeration degree of cultivated land restoration remained relatively low overall. Additionally, different priority zones formed clustered and continuous spatial distribution. Based on the restoration sequence evaluation, the Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration was classified into three types: priority, general and backup recovery areas, presenting a ''core-periphery'' spatial configuration centered on Jinan and Qingdao metropolitan areas. Western Shandong was identified as the highest-priority restoration zone, with Dezhou, Liaocheng and Heze collectively accounting for 43.33 % of the total priority restoration areas. Consequently, it was essential to clarify the responsibilities of stakeholders in the land use offset mechanism and standardize operational procedures to enhance the effectiveness of non-grain cultivated land rehabilitation. This study established a scientific foundation for selecting cultivated land rehabilitation projects and formulating national-level strategies occupation and compensation balance.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972725002144Non–grain cultivated landQuantify the actual potential of cultivated land restoration‘3D magic cube’ modelTime sequence type zonesShandong Peninsula urban agglomeration
spellingShingle Jinhua Liu
Yuqing Wang
Zhongxiao Cong
Baokun Zhu
Keqiang Wang
Yan Zhao
Time sequence of non-grain cultivated land restoration in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, China
Environmental and Sustainability Indicators
Non–grain cultivated land
Quantify the actual potential of cultivated land restoration
‘3D magic cube’ model
Time sequence type zones
Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration
title Time sequence of non-grain cultivated land restoration in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, China
title_full Time sequence of non-grain cultivated land restoration in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, China
title_fullStr Time sequence of non-grain cultivated land restoration in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, China
title_full_unstemmed Time sequence of non-grain cultivated land restoration in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, China
title_short Time sequence of non-grain cultivated land restoration in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, China
title_sort time sequence of non grain cultivated land restoration in shandong peninsula urban agglomeration china
topic Non–grain cultivated land
Quantify the actual potential of cultivated land restoration
‘3D magic cube’ model
Time sequence type zones
Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972725002144
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