Investigation of an annular photonic crystal sensor for real-time monitoring of calcium carbonate scales in water distribution systems

This research exhibits a new configuration of photonic crystals known as annular photonic crystals (APCs) for real-time detection of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) scale in the water pipeline. The proposed sensor features a circular arrangement of porous silicon materials with varying levels of porosity....

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ayman A. Ameen, Abinash Panda, Ahmed Mehaney, Mehdi Tlija, Stefano Bellucci, Mostafa R. Abukhadra, Hussein A. Elsayed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-10-01
Series:Heliyon
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024151535
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