Variation in HIV-1 Tat and Vpr protein amino acid sequences and its association with vascular health measures in a South African cohort: an exploratory study

Abstract Objectives Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 is associated with adverse cardiovascular-related outcomes. Subtype-specific variations in the amino acid sequences of Tat and Vpr HIV-1 proteins are associated with differential clinical outcomes in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Given the d...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Esmé Jansen van Vuren, Yolandi Breet, Adriaan Jacobs, Iolanthé M. Kruger, Monray Edward Williams
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Virology Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02891-8
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