The effects of using digital flashcards versus paper flashcards on vocabulary learning and retention of Iranian intermediate EFL learners

The present study investigated the effect of two vocabulary learning treatments, namely digital flashcards method and paper flashcards method, in comparison with a conventional vocabulary learning treatment, namely words list method, on the learning and retention of target vocabulary items by a grou...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shaban Najafi Karimi, Roghayeh Kheradmandi Amiri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Cogent Education
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2548353
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